Andrei Znamenski

Depicts how the Soviet Communists of the 1920s sought to extend their influence over Mongolia and Tibet, using the ancient Buddhist myth of Shambhala as a form of propoganda to further their aims.

Magic, Prophecy, and Geopolitics in the Heart of Asia

Red Shambhala

Radomir Bolgov

Vadim Atnashev

Yury Gladkiy

Art Leete

Alexey Tsyb

Sergey Pogodin

This proceedings book addresses the main issues of contemporary political geography and international relations, providing a platform for discussion and collaboration of experts in the fields of Political Geography, Geopolitics, International Relations, etc. Participants from all over the world consider the controversies and challenges posed by globalization, focusing, in particular, on the ideologies of globalization and regionalism, migration crises, prevention of ethnic conflicts, and measures to promote sustainable development. The content of the book may be interesting to expert community, academics and popular audience.

Proceedings of Topical Issues in International Political Geography

Andrei Znamenski argues that socialism arose out of activities of secularized apocalyptic sects, the Enlightenment tradition, and dislocations produced by the Industrial Revolution. He examines how, by the 1850s, Marx and Engels made the socialist creed “scientific” by linking it to “history laws” and inventing the proletariat—the “chosen people” that were to redeem the world from oppression. Focusing on the fractions between social democracy and communism, Znamenski explores why, historically, socialism became associated with social engineering and centralized planning. He explains the rise of the New Left in the 1960s and its role in fostering the cultural left that came to privilege race and identity over class. Exploring the global retreat of the left in the 1980s–1990s and the “great neoliberalism scare,” Znamenski also analyzes the subsequent renaissance of socialism in wake of the 2007–2008 crisis.

A Modern Global History

Socialism as a Secular Creed

Andrei Znamenski

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