Sudhakar Srivastava

Penna Suprasanna

Ashish K. Srivastava

Metal toxicity and deficiency are both common abiotic problems faced by plants. While metal contamination around the world is a critical issue, the bioavailability of some essential metals like zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) can be seriously low in other locations. The list of metals spread in high concentrations in soil, water and air includes several toxic as well as essential elements, such as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), aluminum (Al), and selenium (Se). The problems for some metals are geographically confined, while for others, they are widespread. For instance, arsenic is an important toxic metalloid whose contamination in Southeast Asia and other parts of world is well documented. Its threats to human health via food consumption have generated immense interest in understanding plants’ responses to arsenic stress. Metals constitute crucial components of key enzymes and proteins in plants. They are important for the proper growth and development of plants. In turn, plants serve as sources of essential elements for humans and animals. Studies of their physiological effects on plants metabolism have led to the identification of crucial genes and proteins controlling metal uptake and transport, as well as the sensing and signaling of metal stresses. Plant-Metal Interactions sheds light on the latest development and research in analytical biology with respect to plant physiology. More importantly, it showcases the positive and negative impacts of metals on crop plants growth and productivity.

Plant-Metal Interactions

S. K. Jain

Askar A. Tuganbaev

This unique and comprehensive volume provides an up-to-date account of the literature on the subject of determining the structure of rings over which cyclic modules or proper cyclic modules have a finiteness condition or a homological property. The finiteness conditions and homological properties are closely interrelated in the sense that either hypothesis induces the other in some form. This is the first book to bring all of this important material on the subject together. Over the last 25 years or more numerous mathematicians have investigated rings whose factor rings or factor modules have a finiteness condition or a homological property. They made important contributions leading to new directions and questions, which are listed at the end of each chapter for the benefit of future researchers. There is a wealth of material on the topic which is combined in this book, it contains more than 200 references and is not claimed to be exhaustive. This book will appeal to graduate students, researchers, and professionals in algebra with a knowledge of basic noncommutative ring theory, as well as module theory and homological algebra, equivalent to a one-year graduate course in the theory of rings and modules.

Ashish K. Srivastava

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