Christian Freksa

Christopher Habel

Karl F. Wender

Research on spatial cognition is a rapidly evolving interdisciplinary enterprise for the study of spatial representations and cognitive spatial processes, be they real or abstract, human or machine. Spatial cognition brings together a variety of - search methodologies: empirical investigations on human and animal orientation and navigation; studies of communicating spatial knowledge using language and graphical or other pictorial means; the development of formal models for r- resenting and processing spatial knowledge; and computer implementations to solve spatial problems, to simulate human or animal orientation and navigation behavior, or to reproduce spatial communication patterns. These approaches can interact in interesting and useful ways: Results from empirical studies call for formal explanations both of the underlying memory structures and of the processes operating upon them; we can develop and - plement operational computer models obeying the relationships between objects and events described by the formal models; we can empirically test the computer models under a variety of conditions, and we can compare the results to the - sults from the human or animal experiments. A disagreement between these results can provide useful indications towards the re nement of the models.

An Interdisciplinary Approach to Representing and Processing Spatial Knowledge

Spatial Cognition

Peter Gärdenfors

Nora S. Newcombe

Stefan Wölfl

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on Spatial Cognition, Spatial Cognition 2008, held in Freiburg, Germany, in September 2008. The 27 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited lectures were carefully reviewed and selected from 54 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on spatial orientation, spatial navigation, spatial learning, maps and modalities, spatial communication, spatial language, similarity and abstraction, concepts and reference frames, as well as spatial modeling and spatial reasoning.

International Conference Spatial Cognition 2008, Freiburg, Germany, September 15-19, 2008. Proceedings

Spatial Cognition VI. Learning, Reasoning, and Talking about Space

David M. Mark

The Conference on Spatial Information Theory – COSIT – grew out of a series of workshops / NATO Advanced Study Institutes / NSF specialist meetings concerned with cognitive and applied aspects of representing large-scale space, particularly geographic space. In these meetings, the need for a well-founded theory of spatial information processing was identified. The COSIT conference series was established in 1993 as a biennial interdisciplinary European conference on the representation and processing of information about large-scale space, after a successful international conference on the topic had been organized by Andrew Frank et al. in Pisa, Italy, in 1992 (frequently referred to as ‘COSIT zero’). After two successful European conferences with strong North-American participation (COSIT ’93, held on the Island of Elba, Italy; COSIT ’95, held in Semmering, Austria), the conference became a truly international enterprise when COSIT ’97 was held in the Laurel Highlands, Pennsylvania, USA. COSIT ’99 will take place in Stade, Germany. All aspects of large-scale space, i. e. spaces too large to be seen from a single vantage point, are addressed in the COSIT conferences. These include spaces of geographic scale, as well as smaller spaces in which humans, animals, or autonomous robots have to find their way around. Spatial information theory also deals with the description of objects, processes, or events in spatial environments and it forms the foundation for the construction of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and for spatial information and communication system design in general.

International Conference COSIT'99 Stade, Germany, August 25-29, 1999 Proceedings

Spatial Information Theory. Cognitive and Computational Foundations of Geographic Information Science

This book constitutes the documentation of the results achieved within a proirity program on spatial cognition established by the German Science Foundation (DFG) in 1996 involving 13 research groups in Germany and leading scientists from abroad. The 22 revised full papers included were first presented during a colloquium in fall 1997 and then went through a second round of thorough reviewing. The book is organized into three parts on spatial knowledge acquisition and spatial memory, formal and linguistic models, and navigation in real and virtual worlds. All in all the book is a unique report on the state-of-the art in the interdisciplinary research field of spatial cognition and its potential applications.

Michael Kohlhase

Kerstin Schill

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the 29th Annual German Conference on Artificial Intelligence, KI 2006, held in Bremen, Germany, in June 2006. This was co-located with RoboCup 2006, the innovative robot soccer world championship, and with ACTUATOR 2006, the 10th International Conference on New Actuators. The 29 revised full papers presented together with two invited contributions were carefully reviewed and selected from 112 submissions.

29th Annual German Conference on AI, KI 2006, Bremen, Germany, June 14-17, 2006, Proceedings

KI 2006

Wilfried Brauer

Durch die Reihe der GI-Kongresse über wissensbasierte Systeme wird eine größere Öffentlichkeit über den Stand der Entwicklung sowohl in den Entwurfsmethoden und Konstruktionstechniken als auch in der industriellen Anwendung unterrichtet. Ein wichtiges Ziel ist dabei, auf das große Potential an Anwendungsmöglichkeiten hinzuweisen und intensivere Kooperation zwischen verschiedenen Gebieten anzuregen. Behandelt werden diesmal neben den Grundlagen, Entwicklungen und Anwendungen von Expertensystemen auch maschinelles Lernen, natürlichsprachliche Systeme und Konnektionismus. Einen großen Raum nimmt die Präsentation von Gemeinschaftsprojekten ein; insbesondere werden deutsche KI-Zentren, alle BMFT-Verbundprojekte im Bereich wissensbasierter Systeme und zahlreiche europäische Gemeinschaftsprojekte (EUREKA- und ESPRIT-Projekte) dargestellt. Dieses Buch wendet sich an alle, die Interesse an der Informatik und ihren Anwendungen haben. Es soll sowohl Wissenschaftler als auch Praktiker und mögliche Anwender informieren und zu fruchtbarer Diskussion und Zusammenarbeit stimulieren.

3. Internationaler GI-Kongreß München, 16.–17. Oktober 1989 Proceedings

Wissensbasierte Systeme

This book constitutes the second volume documenting the results achieved within a priority program on spatial cognition by the German Science Foundation (DFG). The 28 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and reflect the increased interdisciplinary cooperation in the area. The book is divided into sections on maps and diagrams, motion and spatial reference, spatial relations and spatial inference, navigation in real and virtual spaces, and spatial memory.

Integrating Abstract Theories, Empirical Studies, Formal Methods, and Practical Applications

Spatial Cognition II

This third volume documents the results achieved within a priority program on spatial cognition funded by the German Science Foundation (DFG). The 23 revised full papers presented went through two rounds of reviewing and improvement and reflect the increased interdisciplinary cooperation in the area. The papers are organized in topical sections on routes and navigation, human memory and learning, spatial representation, and spatial reasoning.

Routes and Navigation, Human Memory and Learning, Spatial Representation and Spatial Learning

Spatial Cognition III

Max J. Egenhofer

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Conference on Geographic Information Secience, GIScience 2004, held in Adelphi, MD, USA in October 2004. The 25 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from many submissions. Among the topics addressed are knowledge mapping, geo-self-organizing maps, space syntax, geospatial data integration, geospatial modeling, spatial search, spatial indexing, spatial data analysis, mobile ad-hoc geosensor networks, map comparison, spatiotemporal relations, ontologies, and geospatial event modeling.

Third International Conference, GI Science 2004 Adelphi, MD, USA, October 20-23, 2004 Proceedings

Geographic Information Science

Harvey J. Miller

This section gives a description of notions used throughout this study. Current achievements in developing action-centered ontologies are also discussed. 2.1 Ontologies In the context of information extraction and retrieval, different kinds of ontologies can be distinguished [15]: • Top-level ontologies describe very general concepts like space and time, not depending on a particular domain, • Domain ontologies and task ontologies describe the vocabulary related to a generic domain or kind of task, detailing the terms used in the top-level ontology, • Application ontologies describe the concepts that depend on the particular domain and task within a specific activity. Several investigations have been conducted to bring actions (tasks) to bear on - tologies. Among them are Chandrasekaran et al. [6] and Mizoguchi et al. [23] in the fields of AI and Knowledge Engineering. For the geospatial domain, Kuhn [21] and Raubal and Kuhn [26] have attempted to support human actions in ontologies for transportation. Acknowledging the importance of human actions in the geographic domain, a research workshop was held in 2002, bringing together experts from diff- ent disciplines to share the knowledge and work on this issue [1]. Camara [5], one of the workshop participants, has proposed that action-driven spatial ontologies are formed via category theory, for the case of emergency action plans.

Christian Freksa

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