David V. Canter

Donna Youngs

Dr. Maria Iannou

Thoroughout history prostitution has always been present and has usually been a source of fierce debate. Societies have either grudgingly tolerated it or tried (always unsuccessfully) to ban it. But with the emergence of much more overt acceptance of all forms of sexual activity, it has become more apparent that sex workers who ply their trade on the streets of our cities are a particularly vulnerable group. Awareness of this has led to an increase in research and policy discussions focused on the sex industry, particularly on issues concerning the safety of sex workers and the recognition that street prostitutes are particularly vulnerable to violent attacks and assaults. Realising that such violence is unacceptable in a civilised society and is often the breeding ground for assaults against those who are not in the sex industry, this volume provides a basis for understanding and considering the options available for managing this violence. In this book, current research and policies are reviewed by leading authorities from many different countries- academics and practitioners - from the fields of law, criminology, sociology and investigative psychology. The book will therefore be of value to researchers, practitioners and policy makers who want to understand the experience of street sex workers and the strategies available for managing this trade and for helping to reduce the violence against the men and women who conduct it

The Experience and Management of Street Prostitution

Safer Sex in the City

The intense interest in 'offender profiling' generated by FBI special agents, gave rise to an explosion of studies in a new area called ‘investigative psychology’ by its originator David Canter. This develops understanding of offenders' behaviour that can be harnessed to improve investigations. In this rapidly developing area much has been learnt about what offenders reveal about themselves through their styles of offending. Beyond criminals’ actions the location of their crimes can also reveal where the offender lives or which offences can be linked as part of the same series. Investigative psychologists also explore how to interview witnesses and suspects and assess the veracity of accounts given. The variation in criminal style across crimes as diverse as arson, burglary, hostage negotiation, serial killing and sexual assault is reviewed, using narrative theory and criminals’ emotional experience when offending as the basis for explaining these variations. This provides a framework for drawing inferences about offenders' characteristics. Studies in investigative psychology require a special methodology, developed by David Canter to allow scientific explorations in such a challenging field, previously assumed not to be open empirical study. The practical potential and applications of the research are given, as well as a selection of commentaries on the cutting edge debates that are driving the future of the investigative psychology. This new discipline is of relevance to forensic psychologists in many different settings, criminologists and law enforcement agencies, bringing together work that lays out current achievements and sets the agenda for future research in the field.

Studies in David Canter's Investigative Psychology

Behavioural Analysis of Crime

David Canter

The recent explosion of research and practice relating to offending and the related investigative and legal processes makes it extremely difficult for anyone to master these emerging areas of research. This book will help readers to navigate through this rapidly expanding area of scholarship and practice by bringing together a number of recent reviews on key topics by leading experts in the field. Contributions to the volume discuss developments in the study of interviewing and the detection of deception together with explorations of victims and offenders. The psychological background and consequences of school bullying, child sexual abuse and male rape are also explored, as are the challenges of collecting information about crimes as varied as burglary and serial killing. This book will be a valuable resource for criminologists, crime and forensic psychologists, students of socio-legal processes and all those involved in legal and investigative activities. The chapters in this book were originally published as review articles in Crime Psychology Review.

Reviewing Crime Psychology

Much of a society’s resources are devoted to dealing with, or preparing for the possibility of, crime. The dominance of concerns about crime also hint at the broader implications that offending has for many different facets of society. They suggest that rather than being an outlawed subset of social activity, crime is an integrated aspect of societal processes. This book reviews some of the direct and indirect social impacts of criminality, proposing that this is worthwhile, not just in terms of understanding crime, but also because of how it elucidates more general social considerations. A range of studies that examine the interactions between crime and society are brought together, drawing on a wide range of countries and cultures including India, Israel, Nigeria, Turkey, and the USA, as well as the UK and Ireland. They include contributions from many different social science disciplines, which, taken together, demonstrate that the implicit and direct impact of crime is very widespread indeed. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Contemporary Social Science.

Crime and Society

The intense interest in 'offender profiling' generated by FBI special agents, gave rise to an explosion of studies in a new area called ’investigative psychology’ by its originator David Canter. This develops understanding of offenders' behaviour that can be harnessed to improve investigations. In this rapidly developing area much has been learnt about what offenders reveal about themselves through their styles of offending. Beyond criminals’ actions the location of their crimes can also reveal where the offender lives or which offences can be linked as part of the same series. Investigative psychologists also explore how to interview witnesses and suspects and assess the veracity of accounts given. The variation in criminal style across crimes as diverse as arson, burglary, hostage negotiation, serial killing and sexual assault is reviewed, using narrative theory and criminals’ emotional experience when offending as the basis for explaining these variations. This provides a framework for drawing inferences about offenders' characteristics. Studies in investigative psychology require a special methodology, developed by David Canter to allow scientific explorations in such a challenging field, previously assumed not to be open empirical study. The practical potential and applications of the research are given, as well as a selection of commentaries on the cutting edge debates that are driving the future of the investigative psychology. This new discipline is of relevance to forensic psychologists in many different settings, criminologists and law enforcement agencies, bringing together work that lays out current achievements and sets the agenda for future research in the field.

This ground-breaking text is the first to provide a detailed overview of Investigative Psychology, from the earliest work through to recent studies, including descriptions of previously unpublished internal reports. Crucially it provides a framework for students to explore this exciting terrain, combining Narrative Theory and an Action Systems framework. It includes empirically tested models for Offender Profiling and guidance for investigations, as well as an agenda for research in Investigative Psychology. Investigative Psychology features: The full range of crimes from fraud to terrorism, including burglary, serial killing, arson, rape, and organised crime Important methodologies including multi-dimensional scaling and the Radex approach as well as Social Network Analysis Geographical Offender Profiling, supported by detailed analysis of the underlying psychological processes that make this such a valuable investigative decision support tool The full range of investigative activities, including effective information collection, detecting deception and the development of decision support systems. In effect, this text introduces an exciting new paradigm for a wide range of psychological contributions to all forms of investigation within and outside of law enforcement. Each chapter has actual cases and quotations from offenders and ends with questions for discussion and research, making this a valuable text for undergraduate and postgraduate courses in Applied and Forensic Psychology, Criminology, Socio-Legal Studies and related disciplines.

Donna Youngs

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