Edward Skidelsky

Robert Skidelsky

Robert Jacob Alexander Skidelsky

Analyzes questions that arose from the 2008 financial crisis while assessing the predictions of John Maynard Keynes, sharing the authors' views of a positive life and how recent generations have traded morality for wealth.

Money and the Good Life

How Much is Enough?

Wirtschaftswachstum ist das alte und neue Zauberwort, mit dem sich angeblich jede Krise lösen lässt. Doch Wachstum ist kein Selbstzweck, und Wirtschaft soll dem Menschen dienen. Wachstum wozu, muss deshalb die Frage lauten, und: Wie viel ist genug? Wir sind viermal reicher als vor 100 Jahren – und doch abhängiger denn je von einem Wirtschaftssystem, in dem manche zu viel und viele nicht genug haben. Dabei waren sich doch Philosophen wie Ökonomen lange Zeit einig, dass technischer Fortschritt zu einer Befreiung des Menschen vom Joch der Arbeit und eine gerechte Einkommensverteilung zu mehr Muße und Glück für alle führen. Zeit, die Grundfragen neu zu stellen: Was macht ein gutes Leben aus, was droht uns im Wachstumsrausch verloren zu gehen? Robert und Edward Skidelsky zeigen auf, wie führende Denker von der Antike bis ins 21. Jahrhundert über Entstehung und Gebrauch des Reichtums, aber auch über ein erfülltes Leben jenseits der Arbeit nachgedacht haben. Sie benennen sieben »Basisgüter« wie Sicherheit, Respekt, Muße und Harmonie mit der Natur, auf denen eine Ökonomie des guten Lebens aufbauen muss. Vor allem aber machen sie Mut, Wirtschaft wieder neu zu denken: als moralisches Handeln von Menschen, die in Gemeinschaften leben.

Vom Wachstumswahn zu einer Ökonomie des guten Lebens.

Wie viel ist genug?

In 1930 the great economist Keynes predicted that, over the next century, income would rise steadily, people's basic needs would be met and no one would have to work more than fifteen hours a week. Why was he wrong?Robert and Edward Skidelsky argue that wealth is not - or should not be - an end in itself, but a means to 'the good life'. Tracing the concept from Aristotle to the present, they show how far modern life has strayed from that ideal. They reject the idea that there is any single measure of human progress, whether GDP or 'happiness', and instead describe the seven elements which, they argue, make up the good life, and the policies that could realize them.ROBERT SKIDELSKY is Emeritus Professor of Political Economy at the University of Warwick. His biography of Keynes received numerous prizes, including the Lionel Gelber Prize and the Council on Foreign Relations Prize for International Relations. He was made a life peer in 1991, and a Fellow of the British Academy in 1994.EDWARD SKIDELSKY is a lecturer in the Philosophy Department of the University of Exeter. He contributes regularly to the New Statesman, Spectator and Prospect. His previous books include The Conditions of Goodness and Ernst Cassirer: The Last Philosopher of Culture.

How Much Is Enough?

A provocative and timely call for a moral approach to economics, drawing on philosophers, political theorists, writers, and economists from Aristotle to Marx to Keynes. What constitutes the good life? What is the true value of money? Why do we work such long hours merely to acquire greater wealth? These are some of the questions that many asked themselves when the financial system crashed in 2008. This book tackles such questions head-on. The authors begin with the great economist John Maynard Keynes. In 1930 Keynes predicted that, within a century, per capita income would steadily rise, people’s basic needs would be met, and no one would have to work more than fifteen hours a week. Clearly, he was wrong: though income has increased as he envisioned, our wants have seemingly gone unsatisfied, and we continue to work long hours. The Skidelskys explain why Keynes was mistaken. Then, arguing from the premise that economics is a moral science, they trace the concept of the good life from Aristotle to the present and show how our lives over the last half century have strayed from that ideal. Finally, they issue a call to think anew about what really matters in our lives and how to attain it. How Much Is Enough? is that rarity, a work of deep intelligence and ethical commitment accessible to all readers. It will be lauded, debated, cited, and criticized. It will not be ignored.

Che cosa intendiamo per "vita buona"? Quali e quanti beni devono esserci garantiti per poterla vivere? Queste domande nascono dalla generale incertezza sul futuro e dalla quotidiana difficoltà nel soddisfare bisogni in continua espansione, in un'epoca in cui il capitalismo economico-finanziario inizia a mostrare tutte le sue contraddizioni: da un lato il culto del profitto e della ricchezza come valori universali, dall'altro la creazione, all'interno delle stesse società industrializzate, di enormi disparità di reddito e di sacche di povertà mai conosciute prima. Robert Skidelsky, autorevole economista, e suo figlio Edward, docente di filosofia, riprendono la celebre previsione di Keynes, rimasta irrealizzata, secondo la quale in Occidente, all'inizio del Terzo millennio, avremmo avuto "abbastanza" per soddisfare tutte le nostre necessità lavorando non più di tre ore al giorno, e la utilizzano come spunto di riflessione per capire l'origine del nostro malcontento e trovarne il rimedio. Lo smisurato ampliamento della sfera dei bisogni, l'aumento delle ore di lavoro a scapito del tempo libero e il conseguente abbassamento della qualità della vita impongono un profondo cambiamento di prospettiva: non dobbiamo più chiederci che cosa serve per raggiungere il benessere, ma che cosa sia davvero il nostro bene. Attingendo alle lezioni della sociologia (da Weber a Veblen), al pensiero filosofico (Aristotele in particolare) e alle più intuitive teorie economiche (da Kaldor a Frank), gli autori mostrano come la ricchezza non sia, e non debba essere, un fine in sé, bensì un semplice mezzo per vivere una vita buona, e tratteggiano possibili forme di organizzazione sociale ed economica diverse dall'attuale. Rifiutando un concetto univoco di progresso umano (che sia il PIL o un'idea generica di felicità), l'ambizioso obiettivo di Robert e Edward Skidelsky è non solo quello di individuare un numero preciso di "beni" fondamentali irrinunciabili, come la salute, la sicurezza, il rispetto, l'autonomia, ma anche formulare alcune proposte radicali di politica economica - per esempio, l'introduzione di un "reddito di base" o del work-sharing, un sistema di suddivisione dell'orario a tempo pieno fra più lavoratori -, che possano mostrarci la nuova direzione da prendere. Non provare a sviluppare una visione collettiva della vita buona che attribuisca un significato "morale" alla ricchezza è un lusso che non possiamo più permetterci. Anche perché comporterebbe uno spreco irrimediabile: non di denaro, ma di possibilità umane.

Quanto è abbastanza?

Roger Scruton

James O'Toole

Harold James

David Novak

Anthony Daniels

Wilfred M. McClay

Philip Booth

R. Edward Freeman

Robert P. George

Samuel Gregg

James R. Stoner, Jr.

Sean Kelsey

Thomas R. Krause

David Newkirk

Kevin T. Jackson

Edwin M. Hartman

Christopher Megone

Essays on the ethics of business and management.

Essays in Ethics, Business and Management

Profit, Prudence and Virtue

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Πόσ[alpha] [pi]ρ[alpha][gamma]μ[alpha]τικ[alpha]́ χρει[alpha]ζόμ[alpha]στε

This is the first English-language intellectual biography of the German-Jewish philosopher Ernst Cassirer (1874-1945), a leading figure on the Weimar intellectual scene and one of the last and finest representatives of the liberal-idealist tradition. Edward Skidelsky traces the development of Cassirer's thought in its historical and intellectual setting. He presents Cassirer, the author of The Philosophy of Symbolic Forms, as a defender of the liberal ideal of culture in an increasingly fragmented world, and as someone who grappled with the opposing forces of scientific positivism and romantic vitalism. Cassirer's work can be seen, Skidelsky argues, as offering a potential resolution to the ongoing conflict between the "two cultures" of science and the humanities--and between the analytic and continental traditions in philosophy. The first comprehensive study of Cassirer in English in two decades, this book will be of great interest to analytic and continental philosophers, intellectual historians, political and cultural theorists, and historians of twentieth-century Germany.

The Last Philosopher of Culture

Ernst Cassirer

Edward Skidelsky

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