Ellen Frankel Paul

Jeffrey Paul

Fred D. Miller, Jr

Political philosophers, theorists and historians address what are the core values of liberalism and how can they best be promoted?

Liberalism and Capitalism: Volume 28, Part 2

This volume discusses the nature of moral knowledge and whether it exists.

Moral Knowledge: Volume 18, Part 2

Fred D. Miller

These essays assess the empirical and theoretical questions raised by inequalities of income and wealth.

Should Differences in Income and Wealth Matter?: Volume 19, Part 1

Ellen Frankel

The essays in this volume--written by academic lawyers as well as legal and moral philosophers--address some of the most intriguing questions raised by natural law theory and its implications for law, morality, and public policy. Some of the essays explore the implications that natural law theory has for jurisprudence, asking what natural law suggests about the use of legal devices such as constitutions and precedents. Other essays examine the connections between natural law and natural rights.

Natural Law and Modern Moral Philosophy: Volume 18, Social Philosophy and Policy, Part 1

Complicating the ancient debate over the intersection of morality and politics are diverse definitions of fundamental concepts: the right and the good, virtue and vice, personal liberty and public interest. Divisions abound, also, about whether politics should be held to a higher moral standard or whether pragmatic considerations or realpolitik should prevail. Perhaps the two poles are represented most conspicuously by Aristotle and Machiavelli. These essays address perennial concerns in political and moral theory and underscore the rekindled yearning of many to hold the political realm to a higher standard despite the skepticism of dissenters who question the likelihood or even the desirability of success.

Morality and Politics: Volume 21, Part 1

Contributes to debates on justice and its implications for international law and international institutions.

Justice and Global Politics: Volume 23, Part 1

'[T]he good man should be a lover of self.' Aristotle wrote. 'For he will both himself profit by doing noble acts, and will benefit his fellows ... '. Yet in much of contemporary moral philosophy, concern for one's own interests is considered a non-moral issue, while concern for the interests of others is paradigmatically moral. Indeed, a central issue in ethical theory involves the proper balance to be struck between prudence and morality, between the pursuit of one's own good and the pursuit of the good of others. When deliberating over what action to take, should one weigh one's own interests more heavily than those of others? Or is it possible to accommodate both self-interest and regard for others, to show that we have self-regarding reasons for helping others? The twelve essays in this volume - written from a range of perspectives - address these questions and examine related issues.

Self-Interest: Volume 14, Part 1

Whether it is a result of nature, the consequence of a choice to escape the state of nature, or the outcome of some other process of deliberation, the fact of human association gives rise to recurrent themes in political and social philosophy. The character and requirements of justice, the profile of political legitimacy, and the relationship between the powers of government and the rights of the governed are some of the subjects of ongoing consideration and debate in the disciplines of philosophy, political theory, economics, and law. This volume represents a contribution to the investigation of these issues of perennial interest and import, featuring essays whose authors hope to extend, deepen, and, in some cases, move in new directions, the current state of discussion.

New Essays in Political and Social Philosophy

Howard Dickman

This book examines the constitutional protection of economic rights through the nineteenth century and the first three decades of the twentieth. The authors grapple with such questions as: how should the commerce clause be interpreted? To what extent did the historical development of eminent domain law depart from the rhetoric of takings jurisprudence? How was the Constitution connected to economic growth in the nineteenth century? What was the effect of the post-/civil War constitutional amendments? How did the right to contract affect government attempts to balance private rights with the public good? What was the reaction of leading constitutional theorists to the dominance of a laissez-fair philosophy in the Court and the nation at the turn of the century?

Constitutional Interpretation Before the New Deal

Liberty, Property, and Government

In a country built on the institution of private property, property-owner rights have been under attack. By arguing that private property is a fundamental liberty whose protection deserves the highest priority, Ellen Frankel Paul challenges one of the dominant trends of the past half century: the erosion of property rights via zoning and land use restrictions, carried on by government exercising its "police power" or promoting "the public interest." Paul begins by examining the arguments of environmentalists in support of land-use legislation, and explores a few particularly troubling examples of the exercise of eminent domain and police powers. She traces the philosophical arguments for the two powers as well as their tortuous judicial history, the meaning of property rights and investigates how previous thinkers have defended these rights is detailed, and Paul suggests a more adequate defense for them. In the concluding portion of the book, the very legitimacy of eminent domain is questioned and the author offers recommendations for its reform. This analysis is wide in scope and makes creative use of historical, legal, economic, and philosophic methodologies. It not only gives an account of the present power regulations on land, but also provides an exhaustive history of the development of the law in these two areas and of the philosophical ideas of the thinkers who helped shape this process. This book is distinctive because it places a theory of the just acquisition of property at the heart of the answer to the question of the extent to which governments can rightfully exercise the powers of eminent domain and police. "Amazingly, in a country built on the institution of private property, the right to property in land has been under increasing assault, and has seldom been defended. Paul's book--by arguing that private property is a fundamental liberty whose protection deserves the highest priority--is a major step toward filling the void."--Robert Hessen, Stanford University

Property Rights and Eminent Domain

Animal experimentation has made a crucial contribution to many of the most important advances in modern medicine. The development of vaccines for deadly viruses like rabies and yellow fever depended upon animal research, and much of our basic knowledge about human health and physiology was discovered through the use of animals as well. Inspite of these gains, animal rights activists have been zealous in communicating to the public and policymakers their view that the use of animals in medical research is morally wrong and should be severely curtailed or eliminated. The activists' arguments draw upon a range of disciplines and focus on both practical and ethical aspects of animal experimentation. Advocates of animal experimentation have been slow to respond to these arguments. Given that the worldwide toll of communicable diseases is still immense--and that deadly new pathogens may emerge at any time in the future to menace human health--failing to defend animal experimentation from the arguments of its opponents has disastrous implications. A quick response to an unanticipated threat on the order of the AIDS epidemic is unimaginable absent a vigorous research establishment, which in turn is dependent on animal proxies. Why Animal Experimentation Matters is a first attempt by research scientists and moral philosophers to mount a convincing defense against animal rights enthusiasts. Because opponents of animal experimentation come from a variety of intellectual backgrounds, this defense is necessarily interdisciplinary as well. In this collection of eight essays, the authors scrutinize how animal experimentation actually functions in the laboratory, the vital role that it plays in palliating and eradicating human and animal diseases, and the moral justification for sacrificing animals for the betterment of human life. The subjects covered in the essays include the moral status of animals and persons, the importance of animals for advancing scientific knowledge, the history of animal experimentation (and of its detractors), differing theoretical approaches of American and European animal-experimentation regulations, the heavily restrictive legislation promoted by animal rights activists, and the threats posed to research and researchers by violent animal rights zealots. Contributors include Baruch Brody, H. Tristram Englehardt, Jr., R. G. Frey, Kenneth F. Kiple and Kriemhild Cone Ornelas, Adrian R. Morrison, Charles S. Nicoll and Sharon M. Russell, Jerrold Tannenbaum, and Stuart M. Zola. This important anthology will be of interest to scientists, philosophers, individuals suffering from heritable or communicable diseases, relatives of afflicted individuals, and policymakers. Ellen Frankel Paul is deputy director of the Social Philosophy and Policy Center, professor of political science and philosophy at Bowling Green State University, and editor-in-chief of the journal Social Philosophy & Policy. Fred D. Miller, Jr., and Jeffrey Paul are, respectively, the executive director and associate director of the Social Philosophy and Policy Center; both are professors of philosophy at Bowling Green State University.

The Use of Animals in Medical Research

Why Animal Experimentation Matters

The essays in this volume examine the nature of virtue and its role in moral theory.

Virtue and Vice: Volume 15, Part 1

In this collection, twelve philosophers, historians and political philosophers assess aspects of socialism.

After Socialism: Volume 20, Part 1

This volume examine the history of free speech doctrine.

Freedom of Speech: Volume 21, Part 2

G. Tyler Miller

The essays in this volume address questions about responsibility that arise in moral philosophy and legal theory. Some analyze different theories of causality and human agency, scouting for satisfactory resolutions to the controversies of free will and determinism, while some look at the problem of responsibility in the legal realm. Others explore libertarian views about political freedom and accountability, while still others examine the notion of partial or divided responsibility, or the relationship between responsibility and the emotions.

Responsibility: Volume 16, Part 2

"The essays in this book have also been published, without introduction and index, in the semiannual journal Social philosophy & policy, volume 22, number 1"--T.p. verso. Includes bibliographical references and index.

Ellen Frankel Paul

Books

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