Sergio L. Schmukler

Graciela Laura Kaminsky

A Chronicle of the Asian Crisis

What Triggers Market Jitters?

Carmen M. Reinhart

Morris Goldstein

This study reviews the literature on the origins of currency and banking crises. It presents empirical tests on the performance of alternative early-warning indicators for emerging-market economies. The book also identifies crisis-threshold values for early-warning indicators.

An Early Warning System for Emerging Markets

Assessing Financial Vulnerability

This paper examines the empirical evidence on currency crises and proposes a specific early warning system. This system involves monitoring the evolution of several indicators that tend to exhibit an unusual behavior in the periods preceding a crisis. When an indicator exceeds a certain threshold value, this is interpreted as a warning “signal” that a currency crisis may take place within the following 24 months. The variables that have the best track record within this approach include exports, deviations of the real exchange rate from trend, the ratio of broad money to gross international reserves, output, and equity prices.

Graciela Laura Kaminsky

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