Howard B. Kaplan

Kaplan has outlined the fundamentals of the study of juvenile delinquency to provide a general model which serves as an introductory framework to the field. He has looked at five significant questions. What factors influence the social defining of certain behaviours as delinquent? What factors motivate youths to behave delinquently? When youths are motivated, what determines whether the delinquent acts will be carried out? What factors determine whether youths will continue to commit delinquent acts? And what are the consequences of juvenile delinquency for our society? His answers are clear, logical, and readable, providing an attractive alternative to weightier textbooks.

Patterns of Juvenile Delinquency

Psychosocial Stress: Trends in Theory and Research is a collection of literatures that discusses the psychosocial basis of psychological distress. The book contains six papers that are organized into three parts. The text first covers the prevalent themes in psychosocial stress research, which include role strains, dimensions of life, and coping efforts. The next part presents the conceptual framework studying for psychosocial stress. The last part tackles the methodological issues in psychosocial stress research. The book will be of great use to students, researchers, and practitioners of psychology. Scientists from related fields such as sociology will also benefit from the book.

Trends in Theory and Research

Psychosocial Stress

Marshall Scott Poole

This volume is the result of a three-year study that investigated the factors associated with the implementation of program changes in a nonprofit community welfare agency. It addresses factors such as administration behavior and perception, its effect on board members, mobility orientation, job satisfaction, and the prediction of program change and will be of interest to management in both the private and non-profit sector as well as students of organizational sociology and psychology.

Studies of Program Change in Community Agencies

Organizational Innovation

Deviant Behavior in Defense of Self

This volume brings together a sample of the best of the studies that illustrate two recent trends in research on deviant behavior. The first of these trends is the investigation of deviant behavior in longitudinal perspective. Panels of subjects are followed over long periods of time to establish temporal relationships be tween deviant behavior and the antecedents and consequences of deviant behav ior. The second trend in contemporary research on deviance is the recognition of the association among forms of deviant behavior such as violence, drug abuse, and theft. The recognition of the covariation among forms of deviance stimulated questions regarding the nature of the relationships among multiple forms of de viance. Is one form of deviant behavior a cause or a consequence of other forms of deviant behavior? What variables mediate and moderate such causal relation ships? Do different forms of deviant behavior have common antecedents and consequences? Independent of the foregoing relationships, do particular forms of deviant behavior have unique antecedents and consequences? The eight original research studies that, along with the introduction and overview, constitute this volume are based on data drawn from among the most influential longitudinal studies in the general area of deviant behavior. These studies variously consider common and pattern-specific antecedents and conse quences, reciprocal influences, and intervening and moderating variables in causal relationships among drug use, crime, and other forms of deviance.

Longitudinal Studies

Drugs, Crime, and Other Deviant Adaptations

Robert J. Johnson

The authors surveyed over 9,000 seventh grade students in the Houston Independent School District up to three times during their junior high school years and once as young adults between 1971 and 1980. Drawing on the extensive data gathered from this longitudinal survey, Kaplan and Johnson develop and test a comprehensive theoretical statement about the social and social psychological processes involved in the onset and course of deviant behavior.

Testing a General Theory

Social Deviance

In the past ten years, research on stress has increased dramatically. Psychosocial Stress: Perspectives on Structures, Theory, Life-Course, and Methods brings researchers, clinicians, and academics up-to-date on the many facets of this research, including: Features: * The components of stress: factors, situations, and personality variables that elicit and mediate stress * Theoretical perspectives in the study of stress * Life-course perspectives on stress * Methodology used in stress research

Perspectives on Structure, Theory, Life-course, and Methods

Self-attitudes and Deviant Behavior

This book is about human behavior and, more particularly, about a class of human behaviors-those behaviors by people that have themselves as the object of their behaviors. These self-referent behaviors are social in nature in the sense that in large measure, they are the outcomes of pervasive social processes and are themselves major influences on social outcomes. As such, self-referent behaviors have the potential to be sig nificant organizing constructs in the study of the broader field of social psychology. In any case, they are regarded here as of intrinsic interest and are the focus of this volume. Four broad categories of self-referent behaviors are considered with regard to their social bases and conse quences as these are revealed in the social psychological and sociological literature. With appropriate discriminations made within each group ing, the four categories are: self-conceiving, self-evaluating, self-feeling, and self-protective-self-enhancing responses. Following a consideration of the social antecedents and consequences of each category of self referent behaviors, I present a final summary statement that outlines a theoretical model of the additive and interactive social influences on and consequences of the mutually influential self-referent behaviors. The outline of the theoretical model reflects my synthesis of the apparently relevant theoretical and empirical literature and is intended to function as a framework for the orderly incorporation of new theoretical asser tions and more or less apparently relevant empirical associations.

Social Psychology of Self-Referent Behavior

Glen C. Tolle Jr.

To conduct this study on criminal and antisocial behavior, the authors devoted years to collecting data from a large community sample of first-generation subjects. Data were garnered throughout their early adolescence, twenties, and thirties as well as from these first-generation subjects’ biological children during their own early adolescence. The results of these studies have profound implications for future research and methodology on deviant behavior.

Howard B. Kaplan

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