Jacob M. Landau

This book, first published in 1971, details the Muhammad ‘Ārif manuscript which propagates the project of the Hejaz railway connecting Damascus with Medina and Mecca. The project has been seen as a specific, dramatic example of the phenomenon of growing Arab nationalism during the early years of the twentieth century. Included here is an annotated edition of the Arabic manuscript, an English translation, and an extensive introduction with notes and historical setting. The ‘Ārif manuscript gives a clear view of the struggle for reform in Turkey at the time when burgeoning Arab nationalism became an important factor in the railway project. Many aspects of Middle Eastern politics can be traced to basic factors described in the manuscript by ‘Ārif.

A Case of Ottoman Political Propaganda

The Hejaz Railway and the Muslim Pilgrimage

Gersten Professor of Political Science Jacob M Landau

American Council Of Learned Society, Program In Oriental Languages, Series B, Aids, No. 17.

A Word Count of Modern Arabic Prose

This work, first published in 1972, is an objective introduction to the social, political, and cultural changes that took place in the Middle East in the years after the Second World War. It includes papers by some of the most distinguished scholars in the field as well as personal accounts by insightful observers living in the area. It includes articles on such topics as Arab socialism and nationalism, religious communities, ethnic minorities, women in Arab society, education, and many more.

Man, State and Society in the Contemporary Middle East

The Arab theatre and cinema are among the most neglected subjects in the studies of Oriental literature and research into the history of theatre. This book, written by the acclaimed scholar Jacob M. Landau and first published in 1958, is a survey of the development of the Arab theatre and cinema as cultural and social phenomena and goes a long way in shedding some light on these neglected subjects.

Studies in the Arab Theater and Cinema

Rare Century-old Photographs from the Private Collection of the Ottoman Sultan, Now Published for the First Time

Abdul-Hamid's Palestine

Metin Heper

Since the establishment in 1945 of a constitutional democracy, political parties have figured prominently in Turkish politics. This book, first published in 1991, examines the role they have played. Key features of the political culture of the Turkish republic have created dilemmas for multi-party democracy: Atatürkism still exerts a powerful influence on the country’s bureaucratic and military elites. With their notion of ‘responsible leadership’ and of democracy as rational intellectual debate in pursuit of the ‘best’ policy, they have expected an unrealistic degree of idealism and statesmanlike behaviour from the leaders of political parties. Three times, in 1960, 1971 and 1980, the military has intervened in politics – on the third occasion to undertake wholesale constitutional and legal restructuring aimed at producing ‘sensible’ politicians. Given these ambiguous circumstances, what role have the political parties themselves played in the promotion and functioning of democracy in Turkey, and what are their attitudes to the issues involved? This collection of essays discusses political parties since the foundation of the Turkish Republic in 1923 until the 1990s. With contributions from leading political scientists and historians of modern Turkey, it is indispensable reading for all those concerned with the country.

Political Parties and Democracy in Turkey

This book, first published in 1969, presents a comprehensive survey and analysis of the political behaviour of the Arabs in Israel, covering the period from the founding of the State to the Six-Day War in 1967. While the socio-economic background is outlined, the chief emphasis is on the political attitudes of this minority and its reactions to the modernization of political structures. The main chapters deal with adaptation versus alienation; cultural change and its reflection in politics; political organizations; voting behaviour in parliamentary, local, and trade union elections; leadership and the foci of political activity. Materials used for research included the Israeli press, both in Arabic and Hebrew, the literature produced by the Arabs in Israel, official publications and private reports, as well as interviews conducted with Arabs from all over the country.

A Political Study

The Arabs in Israel

Although nineteenth-century Egyptian Jewry was an active and creative part of society, this work from 1969 is the main comprehensive work devoted to an analysis and appraisal of its activities. The period under review commences with the fall of the Mamluk regime in Egypt, and the incipient modernization of the state, with the resulting increase in Jewish activity. It terminates with the end of World War I and the new era in the history of modern Egypt, an era of extreme nationalism that led to the undermining of the Jewish community.

Jews in Nineteenth-Century Egypt

Pan-Turkism has had varied fortunes in the 20th century. It has played a continuing role, at times of great significance, in the internal politics of Turkey itself, and it has fuelled the national struggle of the Turkic groups beyond Turkey. An earlier version of this work was published by Hurst in 1981 as "Pan-Turkism in Turkey: A Study of Irredentism". The disintegration of the Soviet Union, the consequent establishment, in 1991, of six independent Turkic republics in the Caucasus and Central Asia, and an upsurge of Pan-Turkism have necessitated an expanded, updated and revised edition. The new volume covers the special relationship between the new republics and Turkey, which has altered the essence of Pan-Turkism from militant irredentism to practical solidarity in matters political, economic and cultural.

From Irredentism to Cooperation

Pan-Turkism

Yaʿaqov M. Landau

Increased interest in international politics with the idea of Pan-Islam has generated many contradictory interpretations. The first and only comprehensive book, in any language, on the politics of Pan-Islam, this non-partisan treatment provides a timely examination of politics, ideologies, and movements of Pan-Islam over the last 120 years. Based on archival and other primary sources, this study covers a broad area, including Morocco, India, Pakistan, Russia, Turkey, and the Arabian Peninsula.

Ideology and Organization

The Politics of Pan-Islam

A Study of Irredentism

Pan-Turkism in Turkey

Yaʻaqov M. Landau

"Landau's book is important in several respects... it provides exhaustive information on almost every pan-Turk publication and all of its authors and publicists. Landau appears to have consulted every conceivable source, including archives and collections... In addition, the book is useful to students of pan-nationalism and nationalism, for Landau also expertly places all his information into a larger theoretical context. This contribution to the literature is invaluable." -- Journal of Developing Areas "... a most worthwhile work,... It... deserves to be in all library collections on the Middle East." -- Perspectives on Political Science "Landau has provided an up-to-date compendium of facts concerning the history of these nationalist ideas and movements. Students of nationalism in general and the politics of post-Soviet Central Asia and the Turkish Republic in particular will remain greatly indebted to [Landau] for some considerable time." -- American Political Science Review An examination of relations between Turks in Turkey and their kin abroad -- in Cyprus, the Balkans, and especially in the six ex-Soviet Muslim republics in the Caucasus and Central Asia. This book delineates the special relationship between the new republics and Turkey, which has altered the essence of Pan-Turkism from militant irredentism to practical solidarity in matters political, economic, and cultural.

The papers in this volume were presented and discussed at an international symposium on Ataturk and the modernization of Turkey, which was held at Harry S. Truman Research Institute for the Advancement of Peace of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, in October 1981, to mark the century of Mustafa Kemalʹs birth. Scholars from six countries -- France, Great Britain, Israel, Turkey, the United States and West Germany -- examined and discussed Ataturkʹs lifework and achievements at the symposium, in an attempt to evaluate their significance for his own time as well as for post-Kemalist Turkey. It is our hope that this volume of proceedings will make a contribution to the understanding of the impact of Ataturk and his followers on Turkey in the twentieth century. -- Preface (p. ix.).

Atatürk and the Modernization of Turkey

This volume, first published in 1973, brings together a wide range of Professor Landau’s work on recent Middle Eastern history and politics, reflecting the breadth of the author’s concern and research. The first section deals with aspects of political organisation in the Middle East, largely Egypt, towards the end of the nineteenth century. A little-known plan of the Islamic reformer al-Afghani is discussed, showing him in a rather more political light than the religious haze which normally surrounds this pan-Islamic campaigner. The role of the influential secret societies in modern Egypt is outlined, and the politics behind the fluctuations in the degree of responsibility allowed to Egyptian ministers is examined. This section is concluded by a chapter on two proposals for the establishment of a Jewish homeland in the Sudan in the early days of Zionism, throwing interesting light on the differing aims of early Zionists and alternative historical paths that might have been taken. The second section of the book contains studies on the Jewish situation in nineteenth-century Egypt, focusing on their position within the larger Muslim society and on socio-economic factors, as well as on the career of James Sanua (‘Abu Naddara’), an Egyptian Jew who played a prominent part in nationalist agitation. The two final parts of the book turn to recent and contemporary electoral politics in the Middle East, with special attention being paid to the political leadership and voting behaviour of the Arabs in Israel. Other studies deal with elections in Lebanon and Turkey, and the final chapter analyses the militant right-wing elements in the Turkish political spectrum.

Jacob M. Landau

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