Birte Poulsen

John Lund

Poul Pedersen

The papers in Karia and the Dodekanese, Vol. I, focus on regional developments and interregional relations in western Asia Minor and the Dodekanese during the Late Classical and Early Hellenistic period. Throughout antiquity, this region was a dynamic meeting place for eastern and western civilizations. Cultural achievements of exceptional and everlasting importance, including significant creations of ancient Greek literature, philosophy, art and architecture, originated in the coastal cities of western Anatolia and the adjoining Aegean islands. In the fourth century BC, the eastern cities experienced a new economic boom, and a revival of Archaic culture, sometimes termed ‘The Ionian Renaissance’, began. The cultural revival furthered rebuilding of old major works such as the Artemision at Ephesos, the embellishment of sanctuaries and a new royal architecture, such as the Maussolleion at Halikarnassos. The rich cultural revival was initially promoted by the satrapal family of the Hekatomnids in Karia and in particular by its most famous member, Maussollos, whose influence was not confined to Asia Minor, but included the Dodekanese islands Kos and Rhodos. Partly under the influence of the Karian satrapy, a number of cities were founded on a new common urban model in Rhodos, Halikarnassos, Priene, Knidos and Kos. When Alexander the Great conquered the satrapies in western Asia Minor in 334 BC, the culture initially promoted at the satrapal courts was carried on by gifted thinkers, poets and architects, preparing the way for Hellenistic cultural centres such as Alexandria.

Cultural Interrelations in the Southeast Aegean I Late Classical to Early Hellenistic

Karia and the Dodekanese

Kenneth L. Bowers

This volume contains a collection of papers delivered by the partici pants at the second Conference on Computation and Control held at Mon tana State University in Bozeman, Montana from August 1-7, 1990. The conference, as well as this proceedings, attests to the vitality and cohesion between the control theorist and the numerical analyst that was adver tised by the first Conference on Computation and Control in 1988. The proceedings of that initial conference was published by Birkhiiuser Boston as the first volume of this same series entitled Computation and Control, Proceedings of the Bozeman Conference, Bozeman, Montana, 1988. Control theory and numerical analysis are both, by their very nature, interdisciplinary subjects as evidenced by their interaction with other fields of mathematics and engineering. While it is clear that new control or es timation algorithms and new feedback design methodologies will need to be implemented computationally, it is likewise clear that new problems in computational mathematics arise when implementing a new generation of control algorithms. For these reasons, computational mathematics is mov ing to the forefront in recent developments in modern control theory and conversely control theory and its applications continue to be a fertile area for computationalists. This volume contains a representative cross section of the interdisciplinary blend of analytic and numerical techniques that of ten occur between advanced control design and practical numerical solution of lumped and distributed parameter systems.

Proceedings of the Second Bozeman Conference, Bozeman, Montana, August 1–7, 1990

Computation and Control II

The problem of developing a systematic approach to the design of feed back strategies capable of shaping the response of complicated dynamical control systems illustrates the integration of a wide variety of mathemat ical disciplines typical of the modern theory of systems and control. As a concrete example, one may consider the control of fluid flow across an airfoil, for which recent experiments indicate the possibility of delaying the onset of turbulence by controlling viscosity through thermal actuators located on the airfoil. In general, there are two approaches to the con trol of such a complica. ted process, the development of extremely detailed models of the process followed by the derivation of a more "dedicated" feed back law or the development of a more simple model class followed by the derivation of control laws which are more robust to unmodelled dynamics and exogeneous disturbances. In either approach, the two twin themes of approximation and computation play a significant role in the derivation and implementation of resulting control laws. And there is no doubt that the cross-fertilization between these twin themes and control theory will increase unabated throughout the next decade, not just as an important component of design and implementation of control laws but also as a source of new problems in computational mathematics. In this volume, we present a collection of papers which were deliv ered at the first Bozeman Conference on Computation and Control, held at Montana State University on August 1-11, 1988.

Proceedings of the Bozeman Conference, Bozeman, Montana, August 1–11, 1988

Computation and Control

Jeroen Poblome

Daniele Malfitana

Volume 1 HEROM is an annual journal presenting innovative contributions to the study of material culture produced, exchanged, and consumed within the spheres of the Hellenistic kingdoms and the Roman world. The journal publishes papers in the full range of the scholarly field and in all relevant academic disciplines within the arts, humanities, social sciences, and environmental sciences. HEROM creates a bridge between material culture specialists and the wider scientific community, with an interest in how humans interacted with and regarded artifacts from the late fourth century B.C. to the seventh century A.D.

Journal on Hellenistic and Roman Material Culture

Herom

United States. Office of Education

Benjamin William Frazier

Kent State University

Max Lederer

Mary Dabney Davis

Nora Ernestine Beust

Mary Evalyn Crookston

A Short History of Education in the United States for Later Elementary and Junior High School Students

America Builds a School System

Jonas Eiring

Transport amphorae were chosen as the theme of this colloquium because of their great potential for elucidating ancient economic history. As Peacock and Williams have noted, amphorae provide us not with anindex of the transportation of goods, but with direct witness of the movement of certain foodstuffs which were of considerable economic importance.... It is hard to conceive of any archaeological material better suited to further our understanding of Roman trade. The same could be said with equal conviction about Hellenistic trade. However, while the study of transport amphorae was already an established discipline in the 19th century, it has traditionally focused on amphora stamps. Even in the 1970s, excavators in the eastern Mediterranean were still disregarding-and even discarding-unstamped fragments. Yet if amphora studies remain somewhat in the realm of epigraphy, they have also seen a great deal of activity in the last decade and drawn increasing attention from archaeologists, historians and other researchers. Jonas Eiring and John Lund are both classical archaeologists. Lund is a curator at the National Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen.

Acts of the International Colloquium at the Danish Institute at Athens, September 26-29, 2002

Transport Amphorae and Trade in the Eastern Mediterranean

Here is an elementary development of the Sinc-Galerkin method with the focal point being ordinary and partial differential equations. This is the first book to explain this powerful computational method for treating differential equations. These methods are an alternative to finite difference and finite element schemes, and are especially adaptable to problems with singular solutions. The text is written to facilitate easy implementation of the theory into operating numerical code. The authors' use of differential equations as a backdrop for the presentation of the material allows them to present a number of the applications of the sinc method. Many of these applications are useful in numerical processes of interest quite independent of differential equations. Specifically, numerical interpolation and quadrature, while fundamental to the Galerkin development, are useful in their own right. The intimate connection between collocation and Galerkin for the sinc basis is exposed via sinc-interpolation. The quadrature rules define a class of numerical integration methods that complement better known techniques, which in the case of singular integrands, often require modification. The sinc methodology of the text is illustrated on such applications as initial data recovery, heat diffusion, advective-diffusive transport, and Burgers' equation, to illustrate the numerical implementation of the theory discussed. Engineers may find sinc methods a very competitive approach to the more common boundary element or finite element methods. Further, workers in the signal processing community may find this particular approach a refreshingly different view of the use of sinc functions. Sinc approximation is a relatively new numerical technique. This book provides a much needed elementary level explanation. It has been used for graduate numerical classes at Montana State University and Texas Tech University.

Sinc Methods for Quadrature and Differential Equations

Marjatta Nielsen

Jens Fleischer

Niels Hannestad

Papers presented by Nordic scholars at a seminar held at Aarhus University 1987.

Art in Context

Late Antiquity

Mark L Lawall

Placed as a stepping stone on the sea route between Europe and the New East, Cyprus has always been a meeting place of many cultures. Though rarely united politically through many millennia of history - and for extended periods subject to foreign rule - the island nonetheless managed to maintain specific and unique identities. This publication seeks to throw new light on important aspects of the economy of Cyprus between c. 700 BC and AD 700 through a concerted study of the transport amphorae found in and around the island. These standardised containers of fired clay were commonly used for shipping foodstuffs from their places of production to the consumers in antiquity. Completely preserved or found only in fragments, such vessels are a prime source of information about the island's exports and imports of agricultural products, and ultimately about the fluctuations in the economy of Cyprus through a crucial millennium and a half of her history. The jars thus contribute both to our undertanding of the changing intensities of Cypriot connections with other centres around the Mediterranean and to the documentation of regional patterning within the island itself.

The Transport Amphorae and Trade of Cyprus

This is the first monograph devoted solely to the ceramics of Cyprus in the Hellenistic and Roman Periods. The island was by then no longer divided into kingdoms but unified politically, first under Ptolemaic Egypt and later as a province in the Roman Empire. Submission to foreign rule was previously thought to have diluted - if not obliterated - the time-honoured distinctive Cypriot character. The ceramic evidence suggests otherwise. The distribution of local and imported pottery in Cyprus points to the existence of several regional exchange networks, a division that also seems reflected by other evidence. The similarities in material culture, exchange patterns and preferential practices are suggestive of a certain level of regional collective self-awareness. From the 1st century BC onwards, Cyprus became increasingly engulfed by mass produced and standardized ceramic fine wares, which seem ultimately to have put many of the indigenous makers of similar products out of business - or forced them to modify their output. Also, the ceramic record gradually became less diverse during the Roman Period than before - developments which we today might be inclined to view as symptoms of an early form of globalisation.

A Study of the Circulation of Ceramics in Cyprus from the 3rd Century BC to the 3rd Century AD

The third Conference on Computation and Control was held at Mon tana State University in Bozeman, Montana from August 5-11, 1992 and this proceedings represents the evolution that the conference has taken since its 1988 and 1990 predecessors. The first conference and proceedings (Volume 1 in PSCT) nurtured a dialogue between researchers in control theory and the area of numerical computation. This cross-fertilization was continued with the 1990 conference and proceedings (Volume 11 in PSCT) while forecasting the theme for this conference. The present volume contains a collection of papers addressing issues ranging from noise abatement via smart material technology, robotic vi sion, and parameter identification to feedback design challenges in fluid control and other areas of topical interest. The area of feedback design in fluid control spawns computational challenges in the form of Burgers' equation which is addressed both with standard numerical methods as well as new computational procedures. Applications which involve inverse prob lems include material parameter estimation and sampling in observability. Whether motivated by the plant or arising as the distributed system in the design of a feedback compensator for problems in nonlinear control, the theme of this conference placed an emphasis on the use of partial dif ferential equations in control theory. Through challenges initiated via the control problem or the subsequent computational problem, the joint efforts of experts from the respective disciplines enhance the development of both.

John Lund

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