Justin H. G. Williams

Wataru Sato

Eva G. Krumhuber

Tjeerd Jellema

This eBook aims to deepen our understanding of emotional communication by introducing “dynamic” perspectives. Facial and bodily expressions of emotion functions as indispensable communicative signals for human beings. People decode the emotional information conveyed by facial/bodily expressions and use this to coordinate cooperative or competitive social relationships. Experimental psychological research has long investigated these important means of emotional communication. However, this was typically done by using static stimuli of facial/bodily expressions to assess the detection and interpretation of emotions. This paradigm was also adopted in neuropsychological, neurophysiological, and neuroimaging studies. Although researchers accumulated valuable information regarding the psychological and neural mechanisms underlying these processes, the static nature of the stimuli may have resulted in important phenomena remaining unexamined. Recently, scientists have begun to explore dynamic emotional communication, in particular by using dynamic facial/bodily expressions of emotion, instead of static photographs, as stimuli. This is having important consequences for emotion research. As dynamic emotional expressions have increased ecological validity and as there are differences in the visual processing of dynamic and static information, a host of novel aspects of the psychological and neural processing of emotional expressions have been elucidated. For example, it has been shown that motor resonance and the recruitment of motor areas are fundamental to dynamic emotional communication. Researchers have also started to investigate the encoding of dynamic emotional interactions and have clarified the messages embedded in the temporal aspects and the patterns of reciprocal inter-individual coordination. Moreover, investigations of dynamic emotional communication have identified heretofore unrecognized impairments in the social functioning of individuals with psychiatric disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia.

Dynamic Emotional Communication

Sally J. Rogers

From earliest infancy, a typically developing child imitates or mirrors the facial expressions, postures and gestures, and emotional behavior of others. Where does this capacity come from, and what function does it serve? What happens when imitation is impaired? Synthesizing cutting-edge research emerging from a range of disciplines, this important book examines the role of imitation in both autism and typical development. Topics include the neural and evolutionary bases of imitation, its pivotal connections to language development and relationships, and how early imitative deficits in autism might help explain the more overt social and communication problems of older children and adults.

Justin H. G. Williams

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