Lu Wang

Jin Fu

Bin Qi

This book highlights the principles and technology to solve the challenges of multi-target tracking in underwater target detection, with sonar equipment research as the background. While underwater acoustic target detection primarily determines the presence or absence of targets, it fails to provide the information about batches. Multi-target tracking, on the other hand, focuses on addressing issues including dividing target batches, obtaining target start and end times, obtaining information about target quantity, as well as filtering out false targets and smoothing trajectories. For sonar equipment, especially that on unmanned platforms, multi-target tracking is of utmost significance. However, due to a host of uncertainties, multi-target tracking proves extremely challenging in practical sonar applications. These uncertainties include: 1 Target motion often comes with random interference, causing sensors to occasionally miss targets; 2 The number of targets in the observation area fluctuates randomly; 3 Sensor observations are subject to random noise interference; 4 The quantity of sensor observations varies over time in an unpredictable manner; 5 Targets may be too close for sensors to distinguish; and 6 Sometimes, even when there are no targets in the observation area, sensors still generate observation data. To tackle these issues, this book systematically elucidates the fundamental principles of multi-target tracking algorithms and introduces a variety of such algorithms. Ultimately, although the book centers on multi-target tracking, the operation of a single sonar or multiple sonar devices aims to solve the problem of locating passive targets. This, in turn, enables the calculation of target position, heading, and speed, as well as the estimation of the target's operational status. The book is a comprehensive and in-depth reference for researchers and engineers engaged in the research and development of sonar equipment as well as graduate students in underwater acoustics.

Theory and Application

Underwater Acoustic Multi-target Tracking

Kaishun Wu

Yanjiao Chen

This book constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Edge Computing and IoT, ICECI 2021, held in December 2021 in Shenzhen, China. Due to COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held virtually. The explosion of the big data generated by ubiquitous edge devices motivates the emergence of applying machine learning systems for edge computing and Internet of Things (IoT) services. Machine learning techniques are delivering a promising solution to the industry for building IoT systems and to make innovation at a rapid pace. The 12 full papers of ICECI 2021 were selected from 26 submissions and present results and ideas in the area of edge computing and IoT.

Second EAI International Conference, ICECI 2021, Virtual Event, December 22–23, 2021, Proceedings

Edge Computing and IoT: Systems, Management and Security

Yu Li

Ning Li

Wolfgang Kinzelbach

Haijing Wang

Over-pumping of aquifers is a worldwide problem, mainly caused by agricultural water use. Among its consequences are the falling dry of streams and wetlands, soil subsidence, die-off of phreatophytic vegetation, saline water intrusion, increased pumping cost and loss of storage needed for drought relief. Stopping or reversing the trend requires management interventions. The North China Plain serves as an example. A management system is set up for a typical county. It contains three components: monitoring, decision support based on modelling, and implementation in the field. Besides all monitoring data, the decision support module contains an irrigation calculator, a box model, and a distributed groundwater model to project the outcomes of different water allocation scenarios. In view of grain security, a solution combines an adaptation of the cropping system with imports of surface water from the South. The Open Access book does not only describe the problem and the path to its solution. It also gives access to nine manuals concerning methods used. They include computer programs and the game Save the Water. The Chinese experience should be of considerable interest to other regions in the world which suffer from over-pumping of aquifers.

Groundwater Overexploitation in the North China Plain

Mounir Hamdi

This brief presents the novel PHY layer technique, attachment transmission, which provides an extra control panel with minimum overhead. In addition to describing the basic mechanisms of this technique, this brief also illustrates the challenges, the theoretical model, implementation and numerous applications of attachment transmission. Extensive experiments demonstrate that attachment transmission is capable of exploiting and utilizing channel redundancy to deliver control information and thus it can provide significant support to numerous higher layer applications. The authors also address the critical problem of providing cost-effective coordination mechanisms for wireless design. The combination of new techniques and implementation advice makes this brief a valuable resource for researchers and professionals interested in wireless penetration and communication networks.

Attachment Transmission in Wireless Networks

10th CCF International Conference, NLPCC 2021, Qingdao, China, October 13–17, 2021, Proceedings, Part I

Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing

Groundwater overexploitation in the North China Plain: A path to sustainability

Qiongqiong Jia

Dan Lu

Renbiao Wu

Wenyi Wang

This book introduces readers to adaptive interference mitigation techniques based on multiple antennas for global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) in the time, domain, spatial and spatial-temporal domains. As the performance of GNSS can easily be impacted by various intentional and unintentional interferences, the book explores in detail various types of interference, including jamming , high dynamic jamming, spoofing, multipath and pulsed interference. It offers a valuable reference work for graduate students and engineers in the field of satellite navigation and signal processing.

Adaptive Interference Mitigation in GNSS

Lu Wang

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