Manfred Broy

Klaus Pohl

Heinrich Daembkes

Harald Hönninger

This book provides a comprehensive introduction into the SPES XT modeling framework. Moreover, it shows the applicability of the framework for the development of embedded systems in different industry domains and reports on the lessons learned. It also describes how the SPES XT modeling framework can be tailored to meet domain and project-specific needs. The book is structured into four parts: Part I “Starting Situation” discusses the status quo of the development of embedded systems with specific focus on model-based engineering and summarizes key challenges emerging from industrial practice. Part II “Modeling Theory” introduces the SPES XT modeling framework and explains the core underlying principles. Part III “Application of the SPES XT Framework” describes the application of the SPES XT modeling framework and how it addresses major industrial challenges. Part IV “Evaluation and Technology Transfer” assess the impact of the SPES XT modeling framework and includes various exemplary applications from automation, automotive, and avionics. Overall, the SPES XT modeling framework offers a seamless model-based engineering approach. It addresses core challenges faced during the engineering of embedded systems. Among others, it offers aligned and integrated techniques for the early validation of engineering artefacts (including requirements and functional and technical designs), the management of product variants and their variability, modular safety assurance and deployment of embedded software.

Extensions of the SPES 2020 Methodology

Advanced Model-Based Engineering of Embedded Systems

Dines Bjorner

Alexandre Zamulin

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the 4th International Andrei Ershov Memorial Conference, PSI 2001, held in Akademgorodok, Novosibirsk, Russia, in July 2001. The 50 revised papers presented together with 2 invited memorial papers devoted to the work of Andrei Ershov were carefully selected during 2 rounds of reviewing and improvement. The book offers topical sections on computing and algorithms, logical methods, verification, program transformation and synthesis, semantics and types, processes and concurrency, UML specification, Petri nets, testing, software construction, data and knowledge bases, logic programming, constraint programming, program analysis, and language implementation.

4th International Andrei Ershov Memorial Conference, PSI 2001, Akademgorodok, Novosibirsk, Russia, July 2-6, 2001, Revised Papers

Perspectives of System Informatics

Bengt Jonsson

Joost-Pieter Katoen

Martin Leucker

Alexander Pretschner

Testing is the primary hardware and software verification technique used by industry today. Usually, it is ad hoc, error prone, and very expensive. In recent years, however, many attempts have been made to develop more sophisticated formal testing methods. This coherent book provides an in-depth assessment of this emerging field, focusing on formal testing of reactive systems. This book is based on a seminar held in Dagstuhl Castle, Germany, in January 2004. It presents 19 carefully reviewed and revised lectures given at the seminar in a well-balanced way ensuring competent complementary coverage of all relevant aspects. An appendix provides a glossary for model-based testing and basics on finite state machines and on labelled transition systems. The lectures are presented in topical sections on testing of finite state machines, testing of labelled transition systems, model-based test case generation, tools and case studies, standardized test notation and execution architectures, and beyond testing.

Advanced Lectures

Model-Based Testing of Reactive Systems

Ketil Stølen

A mathematical and logical foundation for the specification and development of interactive systems based on a model that describes systems in terms of their input/output behavior. Based on this model, the authors build a basic method, called FOCUS, that enables interactive systems to be described by characterizing their histories of message interaction. The book progresses from an introduction and guided tour of FOCUS through streams, specifications and their properties, and behavioral, interface, and conditional refinements.

Focus on Streams, Interfaces, and Refinement

Specification and Development of Interactive Systems

Dieses Buch vermittelt Studierenden und Praktikern die Grundlagen der System- und ProgrammentwicklungIn diesem Buch stellen Manfred Broy und Alexander Malkis die wesentlichen Grundlagen und Methoden der Programmentwicklung vor. Die Autoren vermitteln Studierenden der Informatik und Praktikern aus dem Bereich Software-Engineering, wie sie grundlegende Aufgaben der Programmentwicklung auf wissenschaftlicher Basis verstehen und bewältigen. Sie fassen alle behandelten wissenschaftlichen Ansätze und Methoden übersichtlich zusammen und führen diese anhand von praktischen Beispielen näher aus. Die Kernthemen des Werks im ÜberblickDas Buch „Logische und Methodische Grundlagen der Programm- und Systementwicklung“ widmet sich folgenden Themen:? Algebraische Spezifikationen von Daten- und Rechenstrukturen ? Spezifikation und Implementierung ? Nachweis der Korrektheit für funktionale, sequenzielle und objektorientierte Programmierung? Korrektheits- und Terminierungsbeweise? Design-by-Contract ? Schrittweise Verfeinerung

Datenstrukturen, funktionale, sequenzielle und objektorientierte Programmierung - Unter Mitarbeit von Alexander Malkis

Logische und Methodische Grundlagen der Programm- und Systementwicklung

Walter Brenner

Jennifer Hehn

Daniel Mendez

This book explores the possibility of integrating design thinking into today’s technical contexts. Despite the popularity of design thinking in research and practice, this area is still too often treated in isolation without a clear, consistent connection to the world of software development. The book presents design thinking approaches and experiences that can facilitate the development of software-intensive products and services. It argues that design thinking and related software engineering practices, including requirements engineering and user-centric design (UX) approaches, are not mutually exclusive. Rather, they provide complementary methods and tools for designing software-intensive systems with a human-centric approach. Bringing together prominent experts and practitioners to share their insights, approaches and experiences, the book sheds new light on the specific interpretations and meanings of design thinking in various fields such as engineering, management, and information technology. As such, it provides a framework for professionals to demonstrate the potential of design thinking for software development, while offering academic researchers a roadmap for further research.

Creating Human-oriented Software-intensive Products and Services

Design Thinking for Software Engineering

Dieser abschließende vierte Band der Einführung in die Informatik behandelt die theoretische Informatik und ausgewählte fundamentale Algorithmen, Datenstrukturen, Beschreibungs- und Programmierstile, die jeder Informatiker kennen sollte. Ausgehend von einem kurzen Kapitel über Relationenalgebra und Ordnungstheorie werden die Themen Grammatiken zur Beschreibung formaler Sprachen, Berechenbarkeit sowie Rechen- und Speicherkomplexität von Algorithmen und Problemstellungen besprochen. Techniken der axiomatischen Spezifikation und der Entity-Relationship-Modellierung werden eingeführt und Logik- und objektorientierte Programmierung behandelt. Ein Ausblick auf wichtige ökonomische, rechtliche und ethische Aspekte der Informatik rundet das Werk ab.

Eine grundlegende Einführung, Teil IV. Theoretische Informatik, Algorithmen und Datenstrukturen, Logikprogrammierung, Objektorientierung

Informatik

The Summer School in Marktoberdorf 1990 had as its overall theme the development of programs as an activity that can be carried out based on and supported by a mathematical method. In particular mathematical methods for the development of programs as parts of distributed systems were included. Mathematical programming methods are a very important topic for which a lot of research in recent years has been carried out. In the Marktoberdorf Summer School outstanding scientists lectured on mathematical programming methods. The lectures centred around logical and functional calculi for the • specification, • refinement, • verification of programs and program systems. Some extremely remarkable examples were given. Looking at these examples it becomes clear that proper research and teaching in the area of program methodology should always show its value by being applied at least to small examples or case studies. It is one of the problems of computing science that examples and case studies have to be short and small to be lJresentable in lectures and papers of moderate size. However, even small examples can tell a lot about the tractability and adequacy of methods and being able to treat small examples does at least prove that the method can be applied in modest ways. Furthermore it demonstrates to some extent the notational and calculational overhead of applying formal methods.

International Summer School

Programming and Mathematical Method

Advanced research on the description of distributed systems and on design calculi for software and hardware is presented in this volume. Distinguished researchers give an overview of the latest state of the art.

Deductive Program Design

Ingolf H. Krüger

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-workshop proceedings of the Second Automotive Software Workshop, ASWSD 2006, held in San Diego, CA, USA in March 2006. The 11 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 18 lectures held at the workshop, that brought together experts from industry and academia, working on highly complex, distributed, reactive software systems related to the automotive domain. The papers are organized in topical sections on modeling techniques and infrastructures, model transformations, quality assurance, real-time control, as well as services and components.

Second Automotive Software Workshop, ASWSD 2006, San Diego, CA, USA, March 15-17, 2006, Revised Selected Papers

Model-Driven Development of Reliable Automotive Services

Alexandre V. Zamulin

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed postconference proceedings of the 5th International Andrei Ershov Memorial Conference, PSI 2003, held in Akademgorodok, Novosibirsk, Russia in July 2003. The 55 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 110 submissions during two rounds of evaluation and improvement. The papers are organized in topical sections on programming, software engineering, software education, program synthesis and transformation, graphical interfaces, partial evaluation and supercompilation, verification, logic and types, concurrent and distributed systems, reactive systems, program specification, verification and model checking, constraint programming, documentation and testing, databases, and natural language processing.

5th International Andrei Ershov Memorial Conference, PSI 2003, Akademgorodok, Novosibirsk, Russia, July 9-12, 2003, Revised Papers

Perspectives of Systems Informatics

Stephan Merz

Katharina Spies

The RPC-memory specification problem was proposed by Broy and Lamport as a case study in the formal design of distributed and concurrent systems. As a realistic example typical for operating systems and hardware design, the RPC-memory problem was used as the basis for comparing various approaches to formal specification, refinement, and verification. Preliminary solutions were discussed during a workshop at Schloss Dagstuhl, Germany, in September 1994. Then an extensive discussion took place between the referees and authors. Finally 15 thoroughly revised papers were accepted for inclusion in this volume in full detail together with the problem statement and a synopsis.

The RPC-Memory Specification Case Study

Formal Systems Specification

Stefan Jähnichen

This book constitutes the final report of the work carried out in the project KORSO ("Korrekte Software") funded by the German Federal Ministry for Research and Technology. KORSO is an evolutionary, prototype-oriented project aimed at improving the theoretical foundations of quality-driven software engineering and at implementing known techniques for applications of practical relevance. The 21 strictly refereed papers presented are organized in five sections on methods for correctness, languages, development systems and logical frameworks, tools, and case studies. In addition, the preface and introductory paper give valuable background information and a concise state-of-the-art overview.

Final Report

KORSO: Methods, Languages, and Tools for the Construction of Correct Software

Dines Bjørner

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the Third International Andrei Ershov Memorial Conference, PSI'99, held in Akademgorodok, Novosibirsk, Russia, in July 1999. The 44 revised papers presented together with five revised full invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 73 submissions. The papers are organized in sections on algebraic specifications, partial evaluation and super compilation, specification with states, concurrency and parallelism, logic and processes, languages and software, database programming, object-oriented programming, constraint programming, model checking and program checking, and artificial intelligence.

Third International Andrei Ershov Memorial Conference, PSI'99, Akademgorodok, Novosibirsk, Russia, July 6-9, 1999 Proceedings

Igor V. Pottosin

This volume comprises the papers selected for presentation at the international conference on Formal Methods in Programming and Their Applications, held in Academgorodok, Novosibirsk, Russia, June-July 1993. The conference was organized by the Institute of Informatics Systems of the Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences and was the first forum organized by the Institute which was entirely dedicated to formal methods. The main scientific tracks of the conference were centered around formal methods of program development and program construction. The papers in the book are grouped into the following parts: - formal semantics methods - algebraic specification methods - semantic program analysis and abstract interpretation - semantics of parallelism - logic of programs - software specification and verification - transformational development and program synthesis.

International Conference, Academgorodok, Novosibirsk, Russia, June 28 - July 2, 1993. Proceedings

Formal Methods in Programming and Their Applications

Markus Pizka

This volume focuses on the education of researchers, teachers, students and practitioners. As usual in engineering, a study and application of the relevant branches of mathematics is crucial both in education and practice.

Models, Algebras and Logic of Engineering Software

Bernhard Rumpe

This book constitutes the strictly refereed post-workshop proceedings of the International Workshop on Requirements Targeting Software and Systems Engineering, RTSE '97, held in Bernried, Germany in October 1997. The 15 revised full papers presented in the book were carefully revised and reviewed for inclusion in the book. Among the authors are internationally leading researchers. The book is divided in sections on foundations of software engineering, methodology, evaluation and case studies, and tool support and prototyping.

International Workshop RTSE '97, Bernried, Germany, October 12-14, 1997

Requirements Targeting Software and Systems Engineering

Abstract: "The assumption/commitment (also called rely/guarantee) style has been advocated for the specification of interactive components of distributed systems. One of its motivations is to achieve modularity for state transition specifications of system components. It suggests the structuring of specifications into assumptions about the behavior of the component's environment and into commitments that are fulfilled by the component provided the environment fulfills these assumptions. We define the assumption/commitment formats for functional system specifications. In particular, we work out a canonical decomposition of system specifications following the assumption/commitment format into safety and liveness aspects. We demonstrate the format of assumption/commitment specifications by a number of examples. In particular, we discuss the methodological significance of the assumption/commitment format in the stepwise development of specifications."

A Functional Rephrasing of the Assumption/commitment Specification Style

Ernst Denert

A lucid statement of the philosophy of modular programming can be found in a 1970 textbook on the design of system programs by Gouthier and Pont [1, l Cfl0. 23], which we quote below: A well-defined segmentation of the project effort ensures system modularity. Each task fonos a separate, distinct program module. At implementation time each module and its inputs and outputs are well-defined, there is no confusion in the intended interface with other system modules. At checkout time the in tegrity of the module is tested independently; there are few sche duling problems in synchronizing the completion of several tasks before checkout can begin. Finally, the system is maintained in modular fashion; system errors and deficiencies can be traced to specific system modules, thus limiting the scope of detailed error searching. Usually nothing is said about the criteria to be used in dividing the system into modules. This paper will discuss that issue and, by means of examples, suggest some criteria which can be used in decomposing a system into modules. A Brief Status Report The major advancement in the area of modular programming has been the development of coding techniques and assemblers which (1) allow one modu1e to be written with little knowledge of the code in another module, and (2) alJow modules to be reas sembled and replaced without reassembly of the whole system.

Manfred Broy

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