Martin V. Butz

Giovanni Pezzulo

Rino Falcone

Cristiano Castelfranchi

The general idea that brains anticipate the future, that they engage in prediction, and that one means of doing this is through some sort of inner model that can be run of?ine,hasalonghistory. SomeversionoftheideawascommontoAristotle,aswell as to many medieval scholastics, to Leibniz and Hume, and in more recent times, to Kenneth Craik and Philip Johnson-Laird. One reason that this general idea recurs continually is that this is the kind of picture that introspection paints. When we are engaged in tasks it seems that we form images that are predictions, or anticipations, and that these images are isomorphic to what they represent. But as much as the general idea recurs, opposition to it also recurs. The idea has never been widely accepted, or uncontroversial among psychologists, cognitive scientists and neuroscientists. The main reason has been that science cannot be s- is?ed with metaphors and introspection. In order to gain acceptance, an idea needs to be formulated clearly enough so that it can be used to construct testable hypot- ses whose results will clearly supportor cast doubtupon the hypothesis. Next, those ideasthatare formulablein one oranothersortof symbolismor notationare capable of being modeled, and modeling is a huge part of cognitive neuroscience. If an idea cannot be clearly modeled, then there are limits to how widely it can be tested and accepted by a cognitive neuroscience community.

A Unifying Framework for the Analysis and Design of Artificial Cognitive Systems

The Challenge of Anticipation

Jaume Bacardit

Ester Bernadó-Mansilla

Tim Kovacs

Xavier Llorà

Keiki Takadama

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed joint post-conference proceedings of two consecutive International Workshops on Learning Classifier Systems that took place in Seattle, WA, USA in July 2006, and in London, UK, in July 2007 - all hosted by the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, GECCO. The 14 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from the workshop contributions. The papers are organized in topical sections on knowledge representation, analysis of the system, mechanisms, new directions, as well as applications.

10th International Workshop, IWLCS 2006, Seattle, MA, USA, July 8, 2006, and 11th International Workshop, IWLCS 2007, London, UK, July 8, 2007, Revised Selected Papers

Learning Classifier Systems

Will Browne

Jan Drugowitsch

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed joint post-conference proceedings of two consecutive International Workshops on Learning Classifier Systems that took place in Atlanta, GA, USA in July 2008, and in Montreal, Canada, in July 2009 - all hosted by the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, GECCO. The 12 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from the workshop contributions. The papers are organized in topical sections on LCS in general, function approximation, LCS in complex domains, and applications.

11th International Workshop, IWLCS 2008, Atlanta, GA, USA, July 13, 2008, and 12th International Workshop, IWLCS 2009, Montreal, QC, Canada, July 9, 2009, Revised Selected Papers

Martin V. Butz

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