Matthew Smallman-Raynor

Andrew David Cliff

In the 20th century, poliomyelitis emerged to become a global crippler and killer. But, with the development of preventive vaccines in the 1950s, it looks set to be the first disease to be eliminated by direct human intervention. Divided into four parts, this book presents a world geography of poliomyelitis.

Emergence to Eradication

Poliomyelitis

Andrew Cliff

Peter Haggett

Emeritus Professor of Theoretical Geography Department of Geography Andrew Cliff

Professor of Geography School of Geography Matthew Smallman-Raynor

Using data collected for 350 cities from around the world, the authors use a variety of analytical methods to provide a global picture of what was happening to infectious epidemic diseases at a critical period in urban evolution on the international stage. The diseases considered are diphtheria, enteric fever, measles, scarlet fever, tuberculosis, and whooping cough. To place the results in a wider time context, other data are used to look both backwards and forwards for nearly a century on either side of the twenty-five-year time window. The book presents a number of results that may be interpreted in the context of debates on the causes of long-term mortality decline from these infectious diseases. It will be of interest to students of demography, history of medicine, and economic history as well as to researchers already active in these fields.

Analytical Approaches to the Disease Records of World Cities, 1888-1912

Deciphering Global Epidemics

J. Keith Ord

Matthew R. Smallman-Raynor

Andrew D. Cliff

Despite advances in modern medicine, the power of plagues to terrify, disrupt and bring huge swings in morbidity and mortality in their wake remains potent. A Geography of Infection explores the spatial mechanisms by which infectious diseases, such as measles and influenza, can develop into epidemics and pandemics.

Spatial Processes and Patterns in Epidemics and Pandemics

A Geography of Infection

Using over 300 new maps, charts, photographs and associated text, this full-colour Atlas views a century of change in Britain's epidemic landscape. It maps and interprets the retreat of some infectious diseases, the emergence of new infections and the re-emergence of certain historical plagues.

A Twentieth Century Picture

Atlas of Epidemic Britain

The Oxford Textbook of Infectious Disease Control: A Geographical Analysis from Medieval Quarantine to Global Eradication is a comprehensive analysis of spatial theory and the practical methods used to prevent the geographical spread of communicable diseases in humans. Drawing on current and historical examples spanning seven centuries from across the globe, this indispensable volume demonstrates how to mitigate the public health impact of infections in disease hotspots and prevent the propagation of infection from such hotspots into other geographical locations. Containing case studies of longstanding global killers such as influenza, measles and poliomyelitis, through to newly emerged diseases like SARS and highly pathogenic avian influenza in humans, this book integrates theory, data and spatial analysis and locates these quantitative analyses in the context of global demographic and health policy change. Beautifully illustrated with over 100 original maps and diagrams to aid understanding and assimilation, in six sections the authors examine surveillance, quarantine, vaccination, and forecasting for disease control. The discussion covers theoretical approaches, techniques and systems central to mitigating disease spread, and methods that deliver practical disease control. Essential information is also provided on the geographical eradication of diseases, including the design of early warning systems that detect the geographical spread of epidemics, enabling students and practitioners to design spatially-targeted control strategies. Despite the early hope of eradication of many communicable diseases after the global eradication of smallpox by 1979, the world is still working at the control and elimination of the spatial spread of newly-emerging and resurgent infectious diseases. Learning from past examples and incorporating modern surveillance and reporting techniques that are used to design value-for-money spatially-targeted interventions to protect public health, the Oxford Textbook of Infectious Disease Control is an essential resource for all those working in, or studying ways to control the spread of communicable diseases between humans in a timely and cost-effective manner. It is ideal for specialists and students in infectious disease control as well as those in the medical sciences, epidemiology, demography, public health, geography, and medical history.

Matthew Smallman-Raynor

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