Toshiaki Murofushi

Michel Grabisch

Concepts similar to fuzzy measure have been introduced independently in many domains: in non-expected utility theory, cooperative game theory, complexity analysis, measure theory, etc. This book reflects all these facets. It gathers survey papers written by leading researchers in the field, covering a selection of most significant topics. The first part is devoted to fundamental and theoretical material, while the second part deals with more applied topics such as decision making and pattern recognition. The book is of interest to researchers in decision making, artificial intelligence, applied mathematics, mathematical social sciences, etc.

Theory and Applications

Fuzzy Measures and Integrals

Hung T. Nguyen

E.A. Walker

With the vision that machines can be rendered smarter, we have witnessed for more than a decade tremendous engineering efforts to implement intelligent sys tems. These attempts involve emulating human reasoning, and researchers have tried to model such reasoning from various points of view. But we know precious little about human reasoning processes, learning mechanisms and the like, and in particular about reasoning with limited, imprecise knowledge. In a sense, intelligent systems are machines which use the most general form of human knowledge together with human reasoning capability to reach decisions. Thus the general problem of reasoning with knowledge is the core of design methodology. The attempt to use human knowledge in its most natural sense, that is, through linguistic descriptions, is novel and controversial. The novelty lies in the recognition of a new type of un certainty, namely fuzziness in natural language, and the controversality lies in the mathematical modeling process. As R. Bellman [7] once said, decision making under uncertainty is one of the attributes of human intelligence. When uncertainty is understood as the impossi bility to predict occurrences of events, the context is familiar to statisticians. As such, efforts to use probability theory as an essential tool for building intelligent systems have been pursued (Pearl [203], Neapolitan [182)). The methodology seems alright if the uncertain knowledge in a given problem can be modeled as probability measures.

Fundamentals of Uncertainty Calculi with Applications to Fuzzy Inference

Radko Mesiar

Endre Pap

Jean-Luc Marichal

Aggregation is the process of combining several numerical values into a single representative value, and an aggregation function performs this operation. These functions arise wherever aggregating information is important: applied and pure mathematics (probability, statistics, decision theory, functional equations), operations research, computer science, and many applied fields (economics and finance, pattern recognition and image processing, data fusion, etc.). This is a comprehensive, rigorous and self-contained exposition of aggregation functions. Classes of aggregation functions covered include triangular norms and conorms, copulas, means and averages, and those based on nonadditive integrals. The properties of each method, as well as their interpretation and analysis, are studied in depth, together with construction methods and practical identification methods. Special attention is given to the nature of scales on which values to be aggregated are defined (ordinal, interval, ratio, bipolar). It is an ideal introduction for graduate students and a unique resource for researchers.

Aggregation Functions

A rigorous and self-contained exposition of aggregation functions and their properties.

Michel Grabisch

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