Caroline Webb

Nigel R. Webb

Nigel Webb

George Hay, 8th Earl of Kinnoull, was an unconventional ambassador. A Scottish aristocrat who had been imprisoned for his Jacobite sympathies and almost bankrupted by his involvement in the South Sea Bubble, Lord Kinnoull had no previous diplomatic experience when he was unexpectedly appointed ambassador to the Ottoman Empire in 1729. Leaving his wife and family of ten at their Yorkshire home, Lord Kinnoull departed England for Constantinople with his political, financial and personal suitability for the role all in doubt. How would he cope with the complex world of international politics? Or negotiate the sensitive relationship between Muslims and Christians? And why was he subsequently recalled to England in disgrace? The Earl and His Butler in Constantinople traces Lord Kinnoull's eventful journey to the heart of the Ottoman Empire, where he served as ambassador for seven years--and back again. His butler, Samuel Medley, was his constant companion throughout this time and his is almost the only surviving servant's diary from the period. This remarkable biography casts fresh light on the Ottoman Empire and British politics in the 18th century. It also offers vivid portraits of the cosmopolitan city of Constantinople at this critical stage in its history and of an idiosyncratic Earl and his exceptional butler which will captivate readers.

The Secret Diary of an English Servant Among the Ottomans

The Earl and His Butler in Constantinople

Henk Siepel

W. Herbert Diemont

Wim J.M. Heijman

Heathlands in Europe reflect a long history of human activity. This book shows us both the diversity in use all over Europe combining this with the newest insights in ecology. Central theme is how to cover the costs of maintenance of these heathlands. Is their future in new types of commons, or do other types of land ownership using the revenues of heathland ecosystem services give better opportunities?

Nigel R. Webb

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