Paul J.J. Welfens

Internationalization of the economy accelerated at the turn of the century. Growing national, regional, and global environmental problems associated with globalization present new challenges for policy-makers and international cooperation. Crucial problems concern air pollution, environmental problems from trade and transportation, and global warming. This book, based on theoretical and empirical analysis, comes up with new and innovative policy options, including proposals related to the Kyoto protocol.

Internationalization of the Economy and Environmental Policy Options

Huub Meijers

Bernhard Dachs

The internationalisation of information and communication has accelerated since the 1990s in Europe and worldwide. Taking a close look at the empirical analysis of competitive trade positions, trends in foreign direct investment and the internationalisation of research and development in ICT brings many new insights about the expansion in the EU’s most dynamic sector. Moreover, the analysis discusses case studies on key players in ICT and suggests major policy

Dynamics of Information and Communications Technology

Internationalisation of European ICT Activities

Suthiphand Chirathivat

Franz Knipping

Broadening and deepening of economic and political integration are hallmarks of the EU and ASEAN. This book critically analyses the economic and institutional changes in both Europe and Asia. There is considerable potential for instability, but one also finds regional growth opportunities. Comparative policy analysis and evaluation of various cooperation strategies are presented. Emphasis is on banking, financial market dynamics, ICT, and macroeconomic policies as well as trade, energy, and environmental issues. Legal aspects are combined with historical and economic perspectives. Due emphasis also is on the impact of China and the role of international organisations. The comparative analysis of EU and ASEAN integration suggests important policy choices, including those at the multilateral level.

Historical Dynamics, Political Issues, and Economic Perspectives

Integration in Asia and Europe

Dora Borbély

Die EU-Osterweiterung hat zu einer veränderten Arbeitsteilung in Europa und weltweit geführt. Betriebsverlagerungen von West- nach Osteuropa bzw. eine dynamische Aufspaltung der Wertschöpfungsketten sind festzustellen: Beitrittsländer wie Ungarn und Tschechien haben sich bereits zunehmend auch auf wissens- bzw. technologieintensive Bereiche der Industrie spezialisiert; Polens Wirtschaft und andere EU-Beitrittsländer folgen hier im Strukturwandel, auf den neben internen Wirtschafts- und Politikimpulsen vor allem Direktinvestitionen wesentlich einwirken. Zudem spielt die Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologie eine zunehmend gewichtige Rolle. Denn hier entstehen einerseits neue Märkte – häufig länderübergreifend – und andererseits wird die Aufspaltung der Wertschöpfungsprozesse erleichtert; zugleich ändern sich die geforderten Qualifikationen. Für Ost- und Westeuropa bietet die IKT-Expansion enorme Möglichkeiten für Produktivitätssteigerungen und eine neue Interpretation des Universaldienstes: einen breitbandigen mobilen Universaldienst kann man als wichtige Politikoption vorantreiben.

EU-Osterweiterung, IKT und Strukturwandel

"This book is able to explain and analyze what has eluded both scholars and thought leaders in business and the media - how and why populism has grabbed center stage. Highly recommendable." -David B. Audretsch, Indiana University Bloomington, USA "Welfens provides valuable insight into US politics and describes the strategic options for Europe going forward." -Barry Eichengreen, University of California, Berkeley, USA "With great skill Welfens traces the implications of US populism for the global economic system." - Jeffrey D. Sachs, Columbia University, USA "This critique of Trump ́s fiscal and international trade policies and their weak intellectual basis deserves the attention of US and European readers alike" -Richard H. Tilly, University of Münster, Germany What lies behind the Trump victory of 2016 and the US' new raft of economic policies? Is a populist presidency in the United States likely to be a temporary phenomenon or a structural long-term challenge? In an era of declining multilateralism, what can the US still stand to learn from Europe, where several countries have effective lifetime economic welfare equal to that of the US - and what can the EU learn from the US in return? Furthermore, what international economic dynamics can be expected from the Sino-US trade conflict and can globalization be maintained? In this timely volume, Paul Welfens provides a rare, clear-sighted and scholarly analysis of the global problems created by Trump's protectionism and economic policy. He leverages his understanding of these problems to make concrete policy suggestions that could help prevent the world economy from falling back into a variant of the Great Powers regime of the late nineteenth century.

Structural US Populism and Economic Conflicts with Europe and Asia

The Global Trump

John T. Addison

John T. Addison and Paul J. J. Welfens Because inflation seems moribund in OECD countries, stubborn unemployment became the top policy priority of the 1990s. Unemployment has increased in many countries, reaching critical levels for unskilled and young workers in most continental EU countries. Europe's employment performance has continued to lag that in North America. The U. S. in particular achieved a remarkable combination of low inflation and full employment in the late 1990s, at a time when the EU suf fered from record unemployment rates, even if inflation was remarkably low. Since the 1980s, the consensus view among economists is that structural unem ployment plays a much more important role than cyc1ical unemployment in Europe, but that labour costs (wage costs plus nonwage costs) are also part of Europe's labour market problem. Most EU countries rely on a pay-as-you-go pub lic pension system. Contribution rates gradually increased in the 1980s and 1990s, when the share of young workers in overall employment was dec1ining and life expectancy increasing. Rising nonwage costs from the pension system are but one important feature of labour markets in Europe. Given the remarkable dynamics of labour markets, new entry into the labour force, labour turnover, and changes in employment characteristics, one has to also search for other factors behind sus tained unemployment. High unemployment is critical for EU countries, where one can point to rela tively few positive developments after 1975. The U. K.

Issues and Policy Options in the U.S. and Europe

Labor Markets and Social Security

Cornelius Graack

George Yarrow

Ruslan Grinberg

Competition in network industries faces particular problems which are analyzed from both a theoretical and policy perspective. Issues of vertical integration, deregulation and privatization are covered. While competition and privatization are rapidly unfolding in telecommunications in Western and Eastern Europe, energy and railway transportation represent sectors of more gradual liberalization. The different market characteristics of telecommunications, energy and transportation raise consistency problems in the fields of deregulation, investment strategies and internationalization. While transformation policies create opportunities for liberalization in Eastern Europe and Russia the latter shows critical problems in ending monopoly and state ownership. Network industries could be subject to competition and promise major investment opportunities plus consumer benefits.

Telecommunications, Energy and Transportation in Europe and Russia

Towards Competition in Network Industries

Anna Wziatek-Kubiak

Structural change, economic growth and adequate exchange rate adjustment are key challenges in the context of EU eastern enlargement as are consistent macroeconomic policies. The authors focus on sectoral adjustment across industries in catching-up countries and explain changes in the composition of output – this includes new aspects of the Chenery model. They describe and analyze the spatial pattern of specialization and adjustment in many countries. Theoretical and empirical analysis of foreign direct investment, innovation and structural change shed new light on economic dynamics in Old Europe and New Europe. As regards exchange rate dynamics both traditional aspects (such as the Balassa-Samuelson effect) and new approaches to understanding exchange rate developments are presented. Links between exchange rate changes and innovation are particularly emphasized.

The Economics of EU Eastern Enlargement

Structural Change and Exchange Rate Dynamics

Jens K. Perret

Tony Irawan

Evgeniya Yushkova

This study develops a new indicator for national and global sustainability. The main components of the EIIW-vita indicator are: the share of renewable energy, the genuine savings rate and the relative "green export" position of the respective countries; it is in line with OECD requirements on composite indicators. As green exports are related to technological progress and environmental-friendly products, there is also a Schumpeterian perspective of this indicator. An extended version furthermore looks at water productivity. The analysis highlights the BRIICS countries as well as the US, Germany, France, Spain, Italy, the UK and Japan. Moreover the special challenges and dynamics of ASEAN countries and Asia are discussed. The book derives key implications for economic and environmental policy and shows that the new global sustainability indicator is not only relevant for green progress, but also useful as a signal for international investors. The construction of the EIIW-vita global sustainability indicator is such that investors, citizens and governments can easily interpret the results. Correlation analysis of the new sustainability indicator with the human development index indicates complementarity, so that a new hybrid superindicator can be constructed. Sustainability rhetoric dominates environmental policy. This fresh assessment of key "pillars" of sustainable economic performance and growth is a valuable contribution to greening the economy, the leitmotiv of the latest Rio Earth Summit. The book places the discussion of sustainability on solid data. The rather surprising results of its new sustainability index should make policy makers rethink their environmental and economic strategies. Prof. Dr. Peter Bartelmus Columbia University, New York Many people put the economy first when sustainability concerns are raised, while environmental indicators are often developed without a sense of socio-economic performance. This important new book bridges the gap. It sheds light on crucial indicators such as renewable energies, exporting green goods and services, genuine savings, and water productivity. And it helps to observe the impressive changes at a global scale and in countries such as China. A must read for all experts interested in those issues. Prof. Dr. Raimund Bleischwitz University College London

Issues, New Indicators and Economic Policy

Towards Global Sustainability

Raimund Bleischwitz

ZhongXiang Zhang

Human societies face a threatening future of resource scarcity and environmental damages. This book addresses the challenge of turning these risks into opportunities and policies. It is a collection of high level contributions from experts of sustainable growth and sustainable resource management. Focussing on economics, sustainability, technology and policy, the book highlights system innovation, leapfrogging strategies of emerging economies, possible rebound effects and international market development. It puts natural resources centre stage and will make an important contribution to achieving the goal of a 21st century Green Economy.

Eco-Innovation Policies for a Green Economy

International Economics of Resource Efficiency

Thomas Apolte

Rolf Caspers

DIE REIHE: SCHRIFTENREIHE ZU ORDNUNGSFRAGEN DER WIRTSCHAFT herausgegeben von Thomas Apolte, Martin Leschke, Albrecht F. Michler, Christian Müller, Rahel Schomaker und Dirk Wentzel Die Reihe diskutiert aktuelle ordnungspolitische und institutionenökonomische Fragestellungen. Durch die methodische Vielfalt richtet sie sich an Fachleute, an die Öffentlichkeit und an die Politikberatung.

Ordnungsökonomische Grundlagen nationaler und internationaler Wirtschaftspolitik

Evgeny Gavrilenkov

Ralf Wiegert

After a decade of sharp economic decline, Russia switched to an impressive period of economic growth. Yet the economic record is still mixed, and many key problems remain unresolved, both in the economic sphere and the political system. The focus is on economic dynamics in Russia, reasons for its hesitant opening up process as well as the special role of the natural resources sector which is expected to continue to grow. This analysis highlights the existing deficiencies of the Russian economic system and raises doubts about the sustainability of growth. Twin focus is on required reforms and endogenous forces that impair liberalizing trade and investment in an orderly way. Russian discussions on WTO and other international topics are reflected.

Finance, Trade, Market Institutions, and Energy

Economic Opening Up and Growth in Russia

Die Telekommunikationswirtschaft ist das Nervensystem der modernen Wirtschafts- und Freizeitgesellschaft in Europa. Dieses Buch behandelt die strategische Rolle der Telekommunikation in der Informationsgesellschaft, präsentiert aktuelle internationale Entwicklungen und diskutiert die zentralen Aspekte einer zukunftsweisenden Deregulierungspolitik sowie Liberalisierungsoptionen in Deutschland und den EU-Partnerländern. Privatisierungsaspekte, das Phänomen internationaler Allianzen und langfristige Internationalisierungstendenzen werden in ihren wirtschaftlichen Bedeutungen analysiert.

Deregulierung, Privatisierung und Internationalisierung

Telekommunikationswirtschaft

Ellen Walther-Klaus

This book offers examples of how experience and innovation can be combined to create something new, with a particular emphasis on practical implementation, such as generating successful solutions by merging Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and managerial concepts.

Paul J.J. Welfens

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