Paul Stratford

Joy MacDermid

Dragana Boljanovic-Susic

Despite the advancement in Total Joint Arthroplasty (TJA) procedures, recent reports indicate that a considerable number of patients (10-30%) continue to report pain, or even worsening of their symptoms, well after their surgery. Although literature suggests that chronic post TJA pain is a common problem, there is limited information about its prevalence among Canadians. This study aimed to investigate the magnitude (prevalence) and categorize chronic pain characteristics (NP vs. Non NP) in the total hip and knee arthroplasty population. A retrospective review of 1143 TJA recipients identified 148 who experienced postoperative chronic pain. Chronic pain was defined as pain 3 (out of 5) on the Oxford Pain Questionnaire, 6 months or 1-year post surgery. Participants with chronic pain completed S-LANSS and MPQ (SF-2) questionnaires. Results indicated that 13% experienced chronic pain following TJA; a neuropathic subtype was found in 28% (S-LANSS) - 43% [NP-MPQ (SF-2)], of those. Individuals with chronic pain post TJA with neuropathic subtype reported severe pain intensity and higher disability levels, even 1.5 to 3.5 years post surgery, compared to those without chronic pain."

Chronic Pain and Neuropathic Subtype in Individuals Post TJA

While steam railway locomotives lasted well into the 1960s, the demise of the steam traction engine began many years before. This collection of images illustrates the magnificence of these superb machines, often capturing the engines in settings that look much the same as they did 50 or even 100 years ago.

Traction Engines Preservation and Power

In more than 140 images of engines in settings which recall their original glory, Stratford captures the essence of these machines. This book is intended as a tribute to the traction engine manufacturers and to those who have laboured long and hard to preserve and restore some of these engines.

Paul Stratford

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