Andrew Scobell

Phillip C. Saunders

PLA Influence on China's National Security Policymaking

Arthur S. Ding

Scott W. Harold

All militaries have a responsibility to plan for contingencies, and China's military, the People's Liberation Army (PLA), is no exception. PLA contingency planning takes place primarily within the General Staﬀ Department's (GSD's) First Department, also known as the GSD Operations Department. China's seven military regions participate in drafting and reviewing the plans relevant to their areas of responsibility, albeit under heavy supervision from the GSD. U.S. joint doctrine deﬁnes a contingency as "a situation that likely would involve military forces in response to natural and manmade disasters, terrorists, subversives, military operations by foreign powers, or other situations." U.S. doctrine distinguishes between deliberate planning (advance preparation of campaign and contingency plans in non-crisis situations) and crisis action planning (rapid planning in response to a developing incident or situation). Deliberate planning is typically used to develop campaign and contingency plans for a broad range of activities based on requirements identiﬁed in strategic guidance for military commanders. Crisis action planning is conducted with less advance warning (hours, days, or up to 12 months) and focuses on developing alternative courses of action or reﬁning existing campaign or contingency plans to adapt to current circumstances. Why publish a book you can download for free? We print this book so you don't have to. Some documents are only available in electronic format. The print versions may be 6 inch by 9 inch (or smaller) so they are difficult to read. We print books a full 8 1/2 inches by 11 inches with large text and wide margins so you can jot down notes. Some documents found on the web are missing some pages or the image quality is so poor, they are difficult to read. If you find a good copy, you could print it using a network printer you share with 100 other people (typically its either out of paper or toner). If it's just a 10-page document, no problem, but if it's 250-pages, you will need to punch 3 holes in all those pages and put it in a 3-ring binder. Takes at least an hour. It's much more cost-effective to just order the latest version from Amazon.com This book includes original commentary which is copyright material. Note that government documents are in the public domain. We print these large documents as a service so you don't have to. The books are compact, tightly-bound, full-size (8 1/2 by 11 inches), with large text and glossy covers. We publish short-run books (limited numbers) so they are not the least expensive available. However, we strive to issue a high-quality product with large text that is clear and crisp. Of course, color printing is expensive, so we pass that cost along to the customer. 4th Watch Publishing is a Service Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) located in a HUBZONE. Feel free to contact me if there is a government publication you want to see printed. Our web site is: usgovpub.com

The People's Liberation Army and Contingency Planning in China

In recent years there have been reports of actions purportedly taken by People's Liberation Army (PLA) units without civilian authorization, and of Chinese Communist Party (CCP) civilian leaders seeking to curry favor with the military—suggesting that a nationalistic and increasingly influential PLA is driving more assertive Chinese policies on a range of military and sovereignty issues. To many experienced PLA watchers, however, the PLA remains a "party-army" that is responsive to orders from the CCP. PLA Influence on China's National Security Policymaking seeks to assess the "real" relationship between the PLA and its civilian masters by moving beyond media and pundit speculation to mount an in-depth examination and explanation of the PLA's role in national security policymaking. After examining the structural factors that shape PLA interactions with the Party-State, the book uses case studies to explore the PLA's role in foreign policy crises. It then assesses the PLA's role in China's territorial disputes and in military interactions with civilian government and business, exploring the military's role in China's civil–military integration development strategy. The evidence reveals that today's PLA does appear to have more influence on purely military issues than in the past—but much less influence on political issues—and to be more actively engaged in policy debates on mixed civil-military issues where military equities are at stake.

Richard P. Hallion

Roger Cliff

National Defense University (U.S.) Staff

National Defense University (U.S.)

Center for the Study of Chinese Military Affairs (National Defense University)

Institute for National Strategic Studies (U.S.)

Institute for National Strategic Studies Staff

Center for the Study of Chinese Military Affairs (U.S).

Presents revised and edited papers from a October 2010 conference held in Taipei on the Chinese Air Force. The conference was jointly organized by Taiwan?s Council for Advanced Policy Studies, the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, the U.S. National Defense University, and the RAND Corporation. This books offers a complete picture of where the Chinese air force is today, where it has come from, and most importantly, where it is headed.

Evolving Concepts, Roles, and Capabilities

The Chinese Air Force

Phillip C. Saunders

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