Robert Rosenthal

Ralph L. Rosnow

This volume was designed as both introduction and reminder - an introduction to the topic for graduate students, advanced undergraduates and younger researchers, and a reminder to more experienced researchers, in and out of academia, that the problems of artifacts in behavioural research have not gone away.

Robert Rosenthal and Ralph L. Rosnow's Classic Books

Artifacts in Behavioral Research

Donald B. Rubin

Contrasts are statistical procedures for asking focused questions of data. Compared to diffuse or omnibus questions, focused questions are characterized by greater conceptual clarity and greater statistical power when examining those focused questions. If an effect truly exists, we are more likely to discover it and to believe it to be real when asking focused questions rather than omnibus ones. Researchers, teachers of research methods and graduate students will be familiar with the principles and procedures of contrast analysis, but will also be introduced to a series of newly developed concepts, measures, and indices that permit a wider and more useful application of contrast analysis. This volume takes on this new approach by introducing a family of correlational effect size estimates.

A Correlational Approach

Contrasts and Effect Sizes in Behavioral Research

This is a classic advanced undergraduate/graduate text in research methods which requires statistics as a prerequisite. The first half of the text concentrates on research methods and the second half introduces students to advanced statistical procedures.

Methods and Data Analysis

Essentials of Behavioral Research

Mimi Rosnow

For more than a decade, this brief, inexpensive, and easy-to-understand "how to" manual has helped thousands of students in psychology and related fields with the task of writing a term paper and research report. Now even more up-to-date, this best-seller includes a wealth of new information and has been updated to reflect the latest APA manual style.

A Student Guide

Writing Papers in Psychology

This new combination volume of three-books-in-one, dealing with the topic of artifacts in behavioral research, was designed as both introduction and reminder. It was designed as an introduction to the topic for graduate students, advanced undergraduates, and younger researchers. It was designed as a reminder to more experienced researchers, in and out of academia, that the problems of artifacts in behavioral research, that they may have learned about as beginning researchers, have not gone away. For example, problems of experimenter effects have not been solved. Experimenters still differ in the ways in which they see, interpret, and manipulate their data. Experimenters still obtain different responses from research participants (human or infrahuman) as a function of experimenters' states and traits of biosocial, psychosocial, and situational origins. Experimenters' expectations still serve too often as self-fulfilling prophecies, a problem that biomedical researchers have acknowledged and guarded against better than have behavioral researchers; e.g., many biomedical studies would be considered of unpublishable quality had their experimenters not been blind to experimental condition. Problems of participant or subject effects have also not been solved. We usually still draw our research samples from a population of volunteers that differ along many dimensions from those not finding their way into our research. Research participants are still often suspicious of experimenters' intent, try to figure out what experimenters are after, and are concerned about what the experimenter thinks of them.

This work shows how unintended or uncontrolled factors (artifacts) can confound the outcome of behavioural research, demonstrates how things can go wrong when people are involved and addresses ways to overcome the difficulties of applying the scientific method to behavioural studies. For Psychology students in further and higher education.

Ralph L. Rosnow

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