Rhacel Salazar Parreñas

labor, migration, and sex trafficking in Tokyo

Illicit flirtations

“Award-winning sociologist Rhacel Salazar Parreñas explains the warped psychology and perfectly legal practices that allow modern-day slavery to persist.”—Christine L. Williams, author of Gaslighted and former president of the American Sociological Association A renowned sociologist examines the pernicious societal forces that lead employers to exploit vulnerable domestic workers. “Kaya mo ba?” Can you take it? An instructor asks this of a group of migrant workers in the Philippines, as they prepare for domestic work in wealthier countries. Can you take the grueling work? “Kaya,” the women say. “We can.” The phrase “human trafficking” often conjures nightmarish images of sexual exploitation, but Rhacel Salazar Parreñas reveals that the vast majority of trafficking victims are domestic workers who suffer abuse not at the hands of shadowy crime lords but rather “ordinary” family employers. Drawing on twenty years of groundbreaking research across three continents, Parreñas exposes the grim realities faced by migrant workers ensnared in forced labor due to poverty and debt bondage. She uncovers how entrenched social and legal norms, coupled with a patronizing “employer savior complex,” foster a troubling sense of ownership among employers over “their” domestic workers. Through powerful firsthand accounts—including harrowing stories of workers living in hot, windowless rooms, experiencing food deprivation, having their makeup, jewelry, and phones confiscated, and having their wages stolen—Parreñas illustrates the migrants’ desperation, and the power dynamics that lead to a global network of exploitation. Parreñas’s urgent narrative challenges readers to confront uncomfortable truths about everyday household arrangements and calls for justice and fair treatment for all workers.

How Household Employers Exploit Domestic Workers

The Trafficker Next Door

A poignant, often troubling, study of Filipina domestic workers who leave their own families behind to do the mothering and caretaking work of the global economy in countries throughout the world.

Women, Migration and Domestic Work

Servants of Globalization

The Force of Domesticity offers fresh perspectives on the complex linkages of gender and globalization that connect the world today. Through a multi-site analysis of Filipino women, Parreas shows how domesticity, remittances, and NGO and state-imposed notions of morality conspire to create new structures of inequalities and opportunities for transnational migrant women. --Pierrette Hondagneu-Sotelo, author of Domestica Taking as her subjects migrant Filipina domestic workers in Rome and Los Angeles, transnational migrant families in the Philippines, and Filipina migrant entertainers in Tokyo, Parreas documents the social, cultural, and political pressures that maintain womens domesticity in migration, as well as the ways migrant women and their children negotiate these adversities. Parreas examines the underlying constructions of gender in neoliberal state regimes, export-oriented economies such as that of the Philippines, protective migration laws, and the actions and decisions of migrant Filipino women in maintaining families and communities, raising questions about gender relations, the status of women in globalization, and the meanings of greater consumptive power that migration garners for women. The Force of Domesticity starkly illustrates how the operation of globalization enforces notions of womens domesticity and creates contradictory messages about womens place in society, simultaneously pushing women inside and outside the home.

Filipina Migrants and Globalization

The Force of Domesticity

Unfree is a book not about domestic work, but unfreedom and the experience of unfreedom in the 21st century.

Migrant Domestic Work in Arab States

Unfree

Lok C. D. Siu

This collection of essays examines the worldwide dispersal of Asian populations and links these seemingly disparate movements through the category of Asian diasporas.

New Formations, New Conceptions

Asian Diasporas

Eileen Boris

What do home health aides, call center operators, prostitutes, sperm donors, nail manicurists, and housecleaners have in common? Around the world, they make their livings through touch, closeness, and personal care. Their labors, both paid and unpaid, sustain the day-to-day work that we require to survive. This book takes a close look at carework, domestic work, and sex work in everyday life and illuminates the juncture where money and intimacy meet. Intimate labor is presented as a comprehensive category of investigation into gender, race, class, and other power relations in the context of global economic transformations. In chronicling the history of intimate labor in light of the rise and devolution of welfare states, women's workforce participation, family formation, the expansion of sex work into new industries, and the development of institutions for dependent people, this wide-ranging reader advances debates over the relationship between care and economy.

Cultures, Technologies, and the Politics of Care

Intimate Labors

Hung Cam Thai

Rachel Silvey

This issue addresses how laborers within intimate industries--those who do interpersonal work that tends to the sexual, bodily, health, hygiene, or care needs of individuals--are shaping Asia's growing role in the global economy. The contributors investigate how intimate industries support relational connections for consumers while disrupting laborers' relationships, as in the case of migrants who perform intimate labor away from their families and communities of origin. The articles collected here include examinations of such trade-offs and their complex meanings and implications for the workers. The authors explore these social processes through the lens of industries that organize, enable, or delimit the trade in domestic labor, marriage migration, companionship and romance, sex work, pornographic performance, surrogate mothering and ova donation, and cosmetics sales. This issue puts people, as embodied subjects, back into narratives of economic change and offers a perspective on globalization from below. Contributors: Danièle Bélanger, Hae Yeon Choo, Nicole Constable, Daisy Deomampo, Akhil Gupta, Chaitanya Lakkimsetti, Pei-Chia Lan, Purnima Mankekar, Eileen Otis, Juno Salazar Parreñas, Rhacel Parreñas, Sharmila Rudrappa, Celine Parreñas Shimizu, Rachel Silvey, Hung Cam Thai, Leslie Wang

Rhacel Salazar Parreñas

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