Richard McCarty

David A. Blizard

Robert L. Chevalier

Hardbound. The present volume of the Handbook of Hypertension draws together knowledge on the endogenous (genetic) and exogenous (environmental) components contributing to the pathogenesis of essential hypertension. In the field of hypertension research, the importance of adopting a genetic approach to its phenomenology was recognized at an early stage. There was early debate concerning the nature of the genetic architecture underlying population variability in blood-pressure but today its polygenic nature is generally accepted and is reflected in the design and orientation of human investigations as well as in the heterogeneity of mechanisms that have been unearthed by exploration with diverse animal genetic models. Concurrently, epidemiological studies have emphasized the contribution of a variety of environmental factors in the etiology of hypertension. In particular, the contribution of dietary factors, smoking and lifestyle to the develop

Basic and Clinical Studies

Development of the Hypertensive Phenotype

Stress has been recognized as an important factor in the development or recurrence of various mental disorders, from major depressive disorder to bipolar disorder to anxiety disorders. Stressful stimuli also appear to exert their effects by acting upon individuals with susceptible genotypes. Over the past 50 years, animal models have been developed to study these dynamic interactions between stressful stimuli and genetically susceptible individuals during prenatal and postnatal development and into adulthood. Stress and Mental Disorders: Insights from Animal Models begins with a discussion of the history of psychiatric diagnosis and the recent goal of moving toward precision psychiatry, followed by a review of clinical research on connections between stressful stimuli and the development of psychiatric disorders. Chapters are also included on neuroendocrine, immune, and brain systems involved in responses to stress. Additional chapters focus on the development of animal models in psychiatry and the susceptibility of the developing organism to stressful stimuli. Subsequent chapters are devoted to animal models of specific stress-sensitive psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. These chapters also focus on identification of promising molecular targets for development of new drug therapies. The section concludes with a chapter on animal models of resilience to stress-induced behavioral alterations as a newer approach to understanding why some animals are susceptible to stress and others are resilient, even though they are essentially genetically identical. The final chapter discusses how these basic laboratory studies are providing promising leads for future breakthroughs in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental disorders.

Insights from Animal Models

Stress and Mental Disorders

David S. Goldstein

Toshiharu Nagatsu

Toshitaka Nabeshima

This book is based on invited presentations at the Ninth International Catecholamine Symposiwn. Over several decades, each International Catecholamine Symposiwn (ICS) has provided a uniquely important forwn for updating basic as well as clinical research on the catecholamines, dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. The first ICS took nd n1 place in Bethesda, Maryland, in the USA in 1958; the 2 in Milan, Italy in 1965; the 3 th in Strasbourg, France in 1973; the 4th in Asilomar, California, USA in 1978; the 5 in th th Goteborg, Sweden in 1983; the 6 in Jerusalem, Israel,in 1987; the 7 in Amsterdam, th Netherlands in 1992; and the 8 in Asilomar, California, USA in 1996. th The 9 International Catecholamine Symposiwn (9ICS) was held in Kyoto, Japan, th March 31-April 5, 2001. This ICS was held concurrently with the 5 International th Conference on Progress in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease (5 ADPD). These international meetings were coordinated to be a joint international congress. Catecholamines and related neurotransmitters and neuromediators play important roles in the pathogenesis of symptoms and neurodegenerative processes of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Therefore, the Joint Congress provided an opportunity for investigators and clinicians working in these fields to exchange their· most recent investigational results and clinical experiences. This Joint International Congress turned out to be an enormous success, attended by 1258 participants from 38 countries, in an enthusiastic and pleasant atmosphere.

From Molecular Insights to Clinical Medicine

Catecholamine Research

Richard Kvetnansky

Greti Aguilera

Esther L. Sabban

Deriving the latest material from the Seventh Symposium on Catecholamines and other Neurotransmitters in Stress held in the Slovak Republic, Stress: Neural, Endocrine and Molecular Studies presents some of the latest research into stress, focusing on catecholamines and other neurotransmitter molecules. Topics covered include: Peripheral

Neural, Endocrine and Molecular Studies

Stress

Richard McCarty

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