Michel Meybeck

Roger Pielke

Martin Claussen

Paul A. Dirmeyer

Lelys Bravo de Guenni

Sabine Lütkemeier

Pavel Kabat

John H.C. Gash

Charles J. Vörösmarty

Ronald W.A. Hutjes

A state-of-the-art overview of the influence of terrestrial vegetation and soils within the Earth system. The text deals especially with interactions between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere via the hydrological cycle and their interlinkage with anthropogenic activities. Measurements gathered in integrated field experiments in the Sahel, the Amazon, North America and South-east Asia confirm the importance of these interactions. Observations are complemented by modelling studies, including regional models that simulate flows and transport in river catchments, coupled land-cover and regional climate systems, and Earth-system and global circulation models. Water, nutrient and sediment fluxes in river basins are also discussed and are shown to be highly impacted and regulated by humans through land use, pollution and river engineering. Finally, the book discusses environmental vulnerability and methodologies for assessing the risks associated with regional and global climatic and environmental variability and change. The results reported in this book are based on the research work of many individual scientists and teams around the world associated with the objectives of the IGBP-BAHC and WCRP-GEWEX international research programmes.

A New Perspective on an Interactive System

Vegetation, Water, Humans and the Climate

Jesus Carrera

Axel Bronstert

This book considers an array of state-of-the-art coupling and modelling concepts. First the relevant Earth system cycles are presented, followed by a discussion on scale issues and multiple equilibria. Inter- and intra-compartmental coupling is addressed, along with a debate on non-linearities and questions of parameterisation. Several applications are presented, where a focus is on cases where the hydrological cycle plays a central role.

Integrating Atmosphere, Biosphere and Pedosphere

Coupled Models for the Hydrological Cycle

P. Kabat

John H. C. Gash

Ronald W. A. Hutjes

Roger A. Pielke, Sr.

Charles J. Vorosmarty

Resulting from an international research project, this volume presents a state-of-the-art overview of the influence of terrestrial vegetation and soils within the Earth system. It deals especially with interactions between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere via the hydrological cycle and their interlinkage with anthropogenic activities. Specific recent observations are complemented by modelling studies, including regional models that simulate flows and transport in river catchments, coupled land-cover and regional climate systems, and Earth-system and global circulation models. Water, nutrient and sediment fluxes in river basins are shown to be highly impacted and regulated by humans through land use, pollution and river engineering. Finally, the book discusses environmental vulnerability and methodologies for assessing the risks associated with regional and global climatic and environmental variability and change.

A New Perspective on an Internactive System

Sabine Lütkemeier

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