Samuel D. Kassow

rediscovering a hidden archive from the Warsaw Ghetto

Who will write our history?

The powerful writings and art of Jews living in the Warsaw Ghetto Hidden in metal containers and buried underground during World War II, these works from the Warsaw Ghetto record the Holocaust from the perspective of its first interpreters, the victims themselves. Gathered clandestinely by an underground ghetto collective called Oyneg Shabes, the collection of reportage, diaries, prose, artwork, poems, jokes, and sermons captures the heroism, tragedy, humor, and social dynamics of the ghetto. Miraculously surviving the devastation of war, this extraordinary archive encompasses a vast range of voices--young and old, men and women, the pious and the secular, optimists and pessimists--and chronicles different perspectives on the topics of the day while also preserving rapidly endangered cultural traditions. Described by David G. Roskies as "a civilization responding to its own destruction," these texts tell the story of the Warsaw Ghetto in real time, against time, and for all time.

Voices from the Warsaw Ghetto

In 1940, the historian Emanuel Ringelblum established a clandestine organization, code named Oyneg Shabes, in Nazi-occupied Warsaw to study and document all facets of Jewish life in wartime Poland and to compile an archive that would preserve this history for posterity. As the Final Solution unfolded, although decimated by murders and deportations, the group persevered in its work until the spring of 1943. Of its more than 60 members, only three survived. Ringelblum and his family perished in March 1944. But before he died, he managed to hide thousands of documents in milk cans and tin boxes. Searchers found two of these buried caches in 1946 and 1950. Who Will Write Our History tells the gripping story of Ringelblum and his determination to use historical scholarship and the collection of documents to resist Nazi oppression.

Emanuel Ringelblum, the Warsaw Ghetto, and the Oyneg Shabes Archive

Who Will Write Our History?

En octobre 1939, Emmanuel Ringelblum, historien de formation, avait entrepris de rassembler systématiquement les documents touchant le sort des Juifs de Pologne et consitua autour de lui un groupe de bénévoles pour qui l'injonction à sa souvenir (Zokhar) était une forme élémentaire de résistance et qui se donna pour nom de code "Oyneg Shabes" : "Joie du sabbat", en yiddish. Si Ringelblum et sa famille périrent en mars 1944, comme la majorité des quelque soixante membres de ce réseau — historiens, sociologues, économistes, éducateurs, écrivains, poètes, en sorte qu'aucun domaine de la vie ne soit ignoré —, le groupe réussit à travailler d'arrache-pied jusqu'au printemps 1943, pour écrire la chronique de la disparition de la communauté yiddish. Sentant l'imminence d'une fin proche, les archivistes réussirent à cacher des milliers de documents dans des bidons de lait ou des boîtes en fer-blanc avant de les enterrer. Servi par un talent de conteur qui n'est pas sans rappeler celui des Disparus, cet ouvrage est sans conteste un des livres les plus importants sur la Shoah à côté de ceux de Hilberg et de Friedländer. Car au-delà de l'histoire magistrale d'une famille, d'un historien et d'un groupe, au-delà d'un tableau de la culture yiddish et de son inscription dans la culture polonaise et russe de l'époque, c'est véritablement l'histoire de l'Holocauste vécue par ses victimes contemporaines qu'offre ce livre.

Les archives secrètes du ghetto de Varsovie

Qui écrira notre histoire ?

David G. Roskies

An exploration of global Jewish responses to the years 1939 to 1973, a time of unprecedented destruction, dislocation, agency, and creativity. The Posen Library of Jewish Culture and Civilization Volume 9 covers the years 1939 to 1973, a period that editors Kassow and Roskies call "one of the most tragic and dramatic in Jewish history." Organized geographically and then by genre, this book details Jewish cultural and intellectual resources throughout this era, particularly in political thought, literature, the visual and performing arts, and religion. This volume explores worldwide Jewish perceptions of momentous events that transpired in the mid-twentieth century and how Jews redefined themselves across regions throughout an era rife with tragedy, displacement, and dispersion. The breadth and depth of this work goes beyond any comparable collection, with detailed insights and sharp focus to accompany its breathtaking scope. A major, ten-volume anthology project more than a decade in the making, the Posen Library is an ideal reference tool for scholars, teachers, and students at all levels.

The Posen Library of Jewish Culture and Civilization, Volume 9

In 1940, the historian Emanuel Ringelblum established a clandestine organization, code-named Oyneg Shabes, in Nazi-occupied Warsaw to study and document all facets of Jewish life in wartime Poland and to compile an archive that would preserve this history for posterity. As the Final Solution unfolded, although decimated by murders and deportations, the group persevered in its work until the spring of 1943. Of its more than 60 members, only three survived. Ringelblum and his family perished in March 1944. But before he died, he managed to hide thousands of documents in milk cans and tin boxes. Searchers found two of these buried caches in 1946 and 1950. Who Will Write Our History? tells the gripping story of Ringelblum and his determination to use historical scholarship and the collection of documents to resist Nazi oppression.

Edith W. Clowes

James L. West

This interdisciplinary collection of essays on the social and cultural life of late imperial Russia describes the struggle of new elites to take up a "middle position" in society--between tsar and people. During this period autonomous social and cultural institutions, pluralistic political life, and a dynamic economy all seemed to be emerging: Russia was experiencing a sense of social possibility akin to that which Gorbachev wishes to reanimate in the Soviet Union. But then, as now, diversity had as its price the potential for political disorder and social dissolution. Analyzing the attempt of educated Russians to forge new identities, this book reveals the social, cultural, and regional fragmentation of the times. The contributors are Harley Balzer, John E. Bowlt, Joseph Bradley, William C. Brumfield, Edith W. Clowes, James M. Curtis, Ben Eklof, Gregory L. Freeze, Abbott Gleason, Samuel D. Kassow, Mary Louise Loe, Louise McReynolds, Sidney Monas, John O. Norman, Daniel T. Orlovsky, Thomas C. Owen, Alfred Rieber, Bernice G. Rosenthal, Christine Ruane, Charles E. Timberlake, William Wagner, and James L. West. Samuel D. Kassow has written a conclusion to the volume.

Samuel D. Kassow

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