Tim Ingold

A Brief History

Lines:

Humanity is at a crossroads. We face mounting inequality, escalating political violence, warring fundamentalisms and an environmental crisis of planetary proportions. How can we fashion a world that has room for everyone, for generations to come? What are the possibilities, in such a world, of collective human life? These are urgent questions, and no discipline is better placed to address them than anthropology. It does so by bringing to bear the wisdom and experience of people everywhere, whatever their backgrounds and walks of life. In this passionately argued book, Tim Ingold relates how a field of study once committed to ideals of progress collapsed amidst the ruins of war and colonialism, only to be reborn as a discipline of hope, destined to take centre stage in debating the most pressing intellectual, ethical and political issues of our time. He shows why anthropology matters to us all. Introducing Polity’s Why It Matters series: In these short and lively books, world-leading thinkers make the case for the importance of their subjects and aim to inspire a new generation of students.

Why It Matters

Anthropology

Making: Anthropology, Archaeology, Art and Architecture

An integrated approach to understanding how people live, learn, work in and perceive their environments.

Essays on Livelihood, Dwelling and Skill

The Perception of the Environment

To live, every being must put out a line, and in life these lines tangle with one another. This book is a study of the life of lines. Following on from Tim Ingold's groundbreaking work Lines: A Brief History, it offers a wholly original series of meditations on life, ground, weather, walking, imagination and what it means to be human. In the first part, Ingold argues that a world of life is woven from knots, and not built from blocks as commonly thought. He shows how the principle of knotting underwrites both the way things join with one another, in walls, buildings and bodies, and the composition of the ground and the knowledge we find there. In the second part, Ingold argues that to study living lines, we must also study the weather. To complement a linealogy that asks what is common to walking, weaving, observing, singing, storytelling and writing, he develops a meteorology that seeks the common denominator of breath, time, mood, sound, memory, colour and the sky. This denominator is the atmosphere. In the third part, Ingold carries the line into the domain of human life. He shows that for life to continue, the things we do must be framed within the lives we undergo. In continually answering to one another, these lives enact a principle of correspondence that is fundamentally social. This compelling volume brings our thinking about the material world refreshingly back to life. While anchored in anthropology, the book ranges widely over an interdisciplinary terrain that includes philosophy, geography, sociology, art and architecture.

The Life of Lines

Siamo linee

Où qu'ils aillent et quoi qu'ils fassent, les hommes tracent des lignes : marcher, écrire, dessiner ou tisser sont des activités où les lignes sont omniprésentes, au même titre que l'usage de la voix, des mains ou des pieds. Dans Une brève histoire des lignes, l'anthropologue anglais Tim Ingold pose les fondements de ce que pourrait être une "anthropologie comparée de la ligne" - et, au-delà, une véritable anthropologie du graphisme. Etayé par de nombreux cas de figure (des pistes chantées des Aborigènes australiens aux routes romaines, de la calligraphie chinoise à l'alphabet imprimé, des tissus amérindiens à l'architecture contemporaine), l'ouvrage analyse la production et l'existence des lignes dans l'activité humaine quotidienne. Tim Ingold divise ces lignes en deux genres - les traces et les fils - avant de montrer que l'un et l'autre peuvent fusionner ou se transformer en surfaces et en motifs. Selon lui, l'Occident a progressivement changé le cours de la ligne, celle-ci perdant peu à peu le lien qui l'unissait au geste et à sa trace pour tendre finalement vers l'idéal de la modernité : la ligne droite. Cet ouvrage s'adresse autant à ceux qui tracent des lignes en travaillant (typographes, architectes, musiciens, cartographes) qu'aux calligraphes et aux marcheurs - eux qui n'en finissent jamais de tracer des lignes car quel que soit l'endroit où l'on va, on peut toujours aller plus loin.

Une brève histoire des lignes

In this work Tim Ingold offers a persuasive new approach to understanding how human beings perceive their surroundings. He argues that what we are used to calling cultural variation consists, in the first place, of variations in skill. Neither innate nor acquired, skills are grown, incorporated into the human organism through practice and training in an environment. They are thus as much biological as cultural. To account for the generation of skills we have therefore to understand the dynamics of development. And this in turn calls for an ecological approach that situates practitioners in the context of an active engagement with the constituents of their surroundings. The twenty-three essays comprising this book focus in turn on the procurement of livelihood, on what it means to ‘dwell’, and on the nature of skill, weaving together approaches from social anthropology, ecological psychology, developmental biology and phenomenology in a way that has never been attempted before. The book is set to revolutionise the way we think about what is ‘biological’ and ‘cultural’ in humans, about evolution and history, and indeed about what it means for human beings – at once organisms and persons – to inhabit an environment. The Perception of the Environment will be essential reading not only for anthropologists but also for biologists, psychologists, archaeologists, geographers and philosophers. This edition includes a new Preface by the author.

Humanity, Culture and Social Life (Routledge World Reference)

Companion Encyclopedia of Anthropology

Every year, leading social anthropologists meet in Manchester to debate a motion at the heart of current theoretical developments in their subject. Key Debates in Anthropology collects together the first six of these debates, spanning the period from 1988 to 1993. For each debate there are four principal speakers: one to propose the motion, another to oppose it, and two seconders. These debates give unprecedented insight into the process of anthropological theory in the making, as the many contributors both engage with each other's positions and respond to wider intellectual currents of the time. With its unique format, Key Debates in Anthropology addresses issues that are currently at the top of the theoretical agenda, and registers the pulse of contemporary thinking in social anthropology. The presentations, by leading anthropologists of both older and younger generations, are clear, original and provocative.

Key Debates in Anthropology

essays on movement, knowledge and description

Being alive

This is the first book to explore the production and significance of lines. Written by a leading expert in the field, this text offers a radically different approach to anthropological and archaeological studies.

Lines

Grâce à ses expériences de terrain en tant qu'ethnologue des communautés d'éleveurs de rennes de Laponie, et avec l'aide de bon nombre de philosophes et d'anthropologues (Martin Heidegger, Gregory Bateson, Gilles Deleuze, Jakob von Uexküll, James Gibson, Charles Darwin, etc.), Tim Ingold déploie dans cette anthologie les lignes d'une pensée originale délimitant les territoires de l'évolution biologique et culturelle, les environnements humains et non humains, les royaumes de la pensée et de l'action, ainsi que les discours rivaux de l'art et de la science. De la poétique de l'habiter à l'écologie du sensible, Tim Ingold plaide pour une réconciliation entre les projets de la science naturelle et ceux de l'éthique environnementale, pour un retour aux sources de l'anthropologie.

Marcher avec les dragons

O que andar, tecer, observar, contar histórias, cantar, desenhar e escrever têm em comum? A resposta é que todos eles procedem ao longo de linhas. Neste livro Tim Ingold imagina um mundo no qual tudo consiste em linhas entretecidas e interconectadas e lança os alicerces para uma disciplina completamente nova: a Arqueologia Antropológica das Linhas. O argumento de Ingold nos leva pela música da Grécia antiga e do Japão contemporâneo, pelos labirintos siberianos e pelas estradas romanas, pelos ideogramas chineses e pelo alfabeto impresso, trançando um caminho entre a Antiguidade e o presente. Baseando-se em uma multidão de disciplinas, incluindo Arqueologia, Estudos Clássicos, História da Arte, Linguística, Psicologia, Musicologia, Filosofia e muitas outras, e incluindo diversas ilustrações, este livro é uma jornada intelectual estimulante que mudará a forma que vemos o mundo e como caminhamos por ele.

Uma breve história

Linhas

En La vida de las líneas, Ingold desarrolla una antropología filosófica y ecológica que es a la vez amplia, integradora e inclusiva. Su narrativa es poética y entrelaza cuerpos, mentes, paisajes, topografías y percepciones en un encuentro de líneas. Nos lleva en un viaje a través de movimientos, nudos, climas, atmósferas y superficies guiándonos hacia una conclusión esencial: humanar es un verbo.

La vida de las líneas

Kathleen R. Gibson

Kathleen Rita Gibson

Looks at how humans have evolved complex behaviours such as language and culture.

Tools, Language and Cognition in Human Evolution

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- LIST OF FIGURES -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- PREFACE TO THE ROUTLEDGE CLASSICS EDITION -- Introduction -- 1 Language, music and notation -- 2 Traces, threads and surfaces -- 3 Up, across and along -- 4 The genealogical line -- 5 Drawing, writing and calligraphy -- 6 How the line became straight -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- INDEX

Every year, leading social anthropologists meet to debate a motion at the heart of current theoretical developments in their subject and this book includes the first six of these debates, spanning the period from 1988 to 1993. Each debate has four principal speakers: one to propose the motion, another to oppose it, and two seconders. The first debate addresses the disciplinary character of social anthropology: can it be regarded as a science, and if so, is it able to establish general propositions about human culture and social life? The second examines the concept of society, and in the third debate the spotlight is turned on the role of culture in people's perception of their environments. The fourth debate focuses on the place of language in the formation of culture. The fifth takes up the question of how we view the past in relation to the present. Finally, in the sixth debate, the concern is with the cross-cultural applicability of the concept of aesthetics. With its unique debate format, Key Debates in Anthropology addresses issues that are currently at the top of the theoretical agenda, which register the pulse of contemporary thinking in social anthropology. It will be of value to students who are not only introduced to the different sides of every argument, but are challenged to join in and to develop informed positions of their own.

¿En qué se parecen caminar, tejer, observar, narrar, cantar, dibujar y escribir? La repuesta es que, de uno u otro modo, todo lo anterior se lleva a cabo a través de líneas. Visto así, la Historia entera es una línea, compuesta por pequeñas líneas. En este libro Tim Ingold imagina un mundo en el que todos y todo se compone de líneas entrelazadas o in-terconectadas y sienta las bases de una nueva disciplina: la ar-queología antropológica de la línea. El argumento de Ingold nos lleva a través de la música de la antigua Grecia y del Japón contemporáneo, por laberintos de Siberia y vías ro-manas, por la caligrafía china y el alfabeto impreso, tejiendo un camino entre la antigüedad y el presente. Ingold revela cómo nuestra percepción de las líneas ha cambiado en el tiempo, con la modernidad antes de convertirse en recta, la línea es un conjunto de puntos, pero el mundo posmoderno la rompe y fragmenta para estudiarla mejor. Tim Ingold utiliza para su estudio muchas disciplinas, como la Arqueolo-gía, Estudios Clásicos, Historia del Arte, la Lingüística, la Psicología, la Musicología, la Filosofía y muchos otros. Este libro nos lleva por un viaje intelectual estimulante que va a cambiar la manera en que vemos el mundo y la forma en que vamos por el mismo.

Una breve historia

Líneas

The question addressed by this volume is how human beings have evolved as creatures who can make and use more complex tools, communicate in more complex ways and engage in more complex forms of social life than any other species in the animal kingdom. Leading researchers from fields as diverse as biological and social anthropology, archaeology, linguistics, psychology, neurology and ethology have come together to present a unique interdisciplinary study of this central question in human evolution. The topics explored include the parallels between speech, manual gesture and other modes of communication; comparisons of the tool-using skills and imitative abilities of humans and non-human primates and the neurological links between the cognitive processes involved in language. This important volume will be essential reading for all those interested in human evolution, be they philosophers, humanists or scientists.

Tim Ingold

Books

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