Wesley G. Skogan

Jacques de Maillard

La police n’est plus cet objet mystérieux raconté par les anciens « grands flics » et mis en scène par le cinéma, mais un vaste domaine de recherche où se croisent de nouvelles méthodes empiriques (qualitatives et quantitatives) et de nouvelles approches théoriques (analyse du lien entre police et politique, des ressorts de la confiance du public, etc.).Synthèse des travaux les plus récents, cet ouvrage s’intéresse au regard que la société française porte sur l’institution policière. Il propose de dépasser les postures antagonistes afin d’éclairer le rôle et la place de la police, qu’elle soit locale ou nationale, civile ou militaire, publique ou privée. Il montre les ambiguïtés de son travail dans les espaces les plus conflictuels, les banlieues pauvres. Plus largement, il témoigne de ses transformations sous le triple effet de la diffusion du nouveau management public, de la privatisation de la sécurité et des régulations qui émergent dans des sociétés en proie à de fortes tensions.

Police et société en France

"This book examines the role of stop & frisk as one of America's predominant crime control strategies. In the past, policing focused on responding to crimes in progress or (more often) already committed. Beginning in the mid-1990s, American policing moved toward proactive strategies for deterring crime from occurring in the first place. Crime in the United States was dropping, and police leaders claimed responsibility for this success. However, but during the 2010s violent crime began to swing upward again. Police now had responsibility for crime, and this led almost inevitably to more heavily targeted and aggressive police tactics. In theory, stop & frisk promotes deterrence in two ways, by increasing offender's risk of being caught and punished, and by discouraging the general public from even considering offending in the first place. In law, stop & frisk was validated by the Supreme Court as a reasonable compromise between the personal freedoms of Americans and the risks presented by an increasing armed and crime-ridden society. Officers could frisk an individual for a weapon even without the t traditional requirement that there was probable cause to think they had committed a crime. This book takes a third focus, stop & frisk in actual practice. It examines its origins as Chicago's predominant strategy for responding to the turnaround in violent crime. The story includes the political agendas of two mayors and four chiefs of police. Further chapters examined how stop & frisk played itself out on the streets of Chicago, and its impact on public opinion. There are chapters detailing the views of police officers who did the work of stop & frisk, and an analysis of its impact on murders and shootings. A final chapter considers alternatives to stop & frisk as it was practiced in Chicago"--

Stop and Frisk and the Politics of Crime in Chicago

A comprehensive analysis of the stop & frisk policy, its origins as Chicago's predominant strategy for responding to violence, and its impact on crime and public opinion. Stop & frisk has drawn a great deal of attention--and heated criticism--in recent years, for racial bias in its application and for the often violent and sometimes fatal nature of these encounters. In Stop & Frisk and the Politics of Crime in Chicago, Wesley G. Skogan offers a comprehensive analysis of the stop-and-frisk policy, its origins as Chicago's predominant strategy for responding to violence, and its impact on crime and public opinion. Drawing on a crime database of over 14 million incidents, interviews with 1,450 Chicagoans and 714 police officers, and the author's 30 years of studying, talking to, and riding along with Chicago police officers, Skogan looks at the inner workings of police departments and the history and politics of crime prevention that motivate these policies. Rather than looking at individual stops and how they are handled, he argues for considering stop & frisk as an organizational strategy, intimately tied to the move from reactive to preventive policing. Examining one of America's predominant crime control strategies, this book provides an essential analysis of the origins, implementation, and effects of stop & frisk in Chicago and on urban policing in general.

Stop & Frisk and the Politics of Crime in Chicago

Robert G. Lehnen

Working Papers

The National Crime Survey

Susan M. Hartnett

Police departments across the country are busily "reinventing" themselves, adopting a new style known as "community policing". This approach to policing involves organizational decentralization, new channels of communication with the public, a commitment to responding to what the community thinks their priorities ought to be, and the adoption of a broad problem-solving approach to neighborhood issues. Police departments that succeed in adopting this new stance have an entirely different relationship to the public that they serve. Chicago made the transition, embarking on what is now the nation's largest and most impressive community policing program. This book, the first to examine such a project, looks in depth at all aspects of the program--why it was adopted, how it was adopted, and how well it has worked.

Community Policing, Chicago Style

The National Crime Survey: Methodological studies

Highly popular with both the public and political leaders, community policing is the most important development in law enforcement in the last twenty-five years. But does community policing really work? Can police departments fundamentally change their organization? Can neighborhood problems be solved? In the early 1990s, Chicago, the nation's third largest city, instituted the nation's largest community policing initiative. Wesley G. Skogan here provides the first comprehensive evaluation of that citywide program, examining its impact on crime, neighborhood residents, and the police. Based on the results of a thirteen-year study, including interviews, citywide surveys, and sophisticated statistical analyses, Police and Community in Chicago reveals a city divided among African-Americans, Whites, and Latinos. By looking at the varying effects community policing had on each of these groups, Skogan provides a valuable analysis of what works and why. As the use of community policing increases and issues related to race and immigration become more pressing, Police and Community in Chicago will serve the needs of an increasing amount of students, scholars, and professionals interested in the most effective and harmonious means of keeping communities safe.

A Tale of Three Cities

Police and Community in Chicago

The eminent contributors to a new collection, Policing in France, provide an updated and realistic picture of how the French police system really works in the 21st century. In most international comparisons, France typifies the "Napoleonic" model for policing, one featuring administrative and political centralization, a strong hierarchical structure, distance from local communities, and a high priority on political policing. France has undergone a process of pluralization in the last 30 years. French administrative and political decentralization has reemphasized the role of local authorities in public security policies; the private security industry has grown significantly; and new kinds of governing models (based on arrangements such as contracts for service provision) have emerged. In addition, during this period, police organizations have been driven toward central government control through the imposition of performance indicators, and a top-down decision was made to integrate the national gendarmerie into the Ministry of Interior. The book addresses how police legitimacy differs across socioeconomic, generational, territorial, and ethnic lines. An analysis of the policing of banlieues (deprived neighborhoods) illustrates the convergence of contradictory police goals, police violence, the concentration of poverty, and entrenched opposition to the states’ representatives, and questions policing strategies such as the use of identity checks. The collection also frames the scope of community policing initiatives required to deal with the public’s security needs and delves into the security challenges presented by terrorist threats and the nuances of the relationship between policing and intelligence agencies. Identifying and explaining the diverse challenges facing French police organizations and how they have been responding to them, this book draws upon a flourishing French-language literature in history, sociology, political science, and law to produce this new English-language synthesis on policing in France. This book is a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners working in and around French policing, as well as students of international law enforcement.

Policing in France

Much has been written about crime and its economic causes, but very little attention has been paid to the social and environmental factors stimulating the appearance and spread of crime. Urban sociologist, Wesley Skogan explores the deterioration of neighbourhoods in American cities, analyzing the connections between physical decay, disorderly public behaviour and concomitant increases in fear and crime. The author comments on a wide range of recent research on policing and community development in addition to offering the results of his own research.

Wesley G. Skogan

Books

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