Xiaohong Zhang

Young Bae Jun

Rajab Ali Borzooei

In this paper, a new notion of q-filter in quantum B-algebra is proposed, and quotient structures are constructed by q-filters (in contrast, although the notion of filter in quantum B-algebra has been defined before this paper, but corresponding quotient structures cannot be constructed according to the usual methods).

Q-Filters of Quantum B-Algebras and Basic Implication Algebras

Florentin Smarandache

Mumtaz Ali

Neutrosophy (1995) is a new branch of philosophy that studies triads of the form (<A>, <neutA>, <antiA>), where <A> is an entity {i.e. element, concept, idea, theory, logical proposition, etc.}, <antiA> is the opposite of <A>, while <neutA> is the neutral (or indeterminate) between them, i.e., neither <A> nor <antiA>. Based on neutrosophy, the neutrosophic triplets were founded, which have a similar form (x, neut(x), anti(x)), that satisfy several axioms, for each element x in a given set. This collective book presents original research papers by many neutrosophic researchers from around the world, that report on the state-of-the-art and recent advancements of neutrosophic triplets, neutrosophic duplets, neutrosophic multisets and their algebraic structures – that have been defined recently in 2016 but have gained interest from world researchers. Connections between classical algebraic structures and neutrosophic triplet / duplet / multiset structures are also studied. And numerous neutrosophic applications in various fields, such as: multi-criteria decision making, image segmentation, medical diagnosis, fault diagnosis, clustering data, neutrosophic probability, human resource management, strategic planning, forecasting model, multi-granulation, supplier selection problems, typhoon disaster evaluation, skin lesson detection, mining algorithm for big data analysis, etc.

Volume 1

Algebraic Structures of Neutrosophic Triplets, Neutrosophic Duplets, or Neutrosophic Multisets

Wangtao Yuan

Zhirou Ma

Group is the basic algebraic structure describing symmetry based on associative law. In order to express more general symmetry (or variation symmetry), the concept of group is generalized in various ways, for examples, regular semigroups, generalized groups, neutrosophic extended triplet groups and AG-groupoids. In this paper, based on the law of cyclic association and the background of non-associative ring, left weakly Novikov algebra and CA-AG-groupoid, a new concept of cyclic associative groupoid (CA-groupoid) is firstly proposed, and some examples and basic properties are presented. Moreover, as a combination of neutrosophic extended triplet group (NETG) and CA-groupoid, the notion of cyclic associative neutrosophic extended triplet groupoid (CA-NET-groupoid) is introduced, some important results are obtained, particularly, a decomposition theorem of CA-NET-groupoid is proved.

Cyclic Associative Groupoids (CA-Groupoids) and Cyclic Associative Neutrosophic Extended Triplet Groupoids (CA-NET-Groupoids)

Neutrosophy (1995) is a new branch of philosophy that studies triads of the form (<A>, <neutA>, <antiA>), where <A> is an entity (i.e., element, concept, idea, theory, logical proposition, etc.), <antiA> is the opposite of <A>, while <neutA> is the neutral (or indeterminate) between them, i.e., neither <A> nor <antiA>. Based on neutrosophy, the neutrosophic triplets were founded; they have a similar form: (x, neut(x), anti(x), that satisfy some axioms, for each element x in a given set. This book contains the successful invited submissions to a special issue of Symmetry, reporting on state-of-the-art and recent advancements of neutrosophic triplets, neutrosophic duplets, neutrosophic multisets, and their algebraic structures—that have been defined recently in 2016, but have gained interest from world researchers, and several papers have been published in first rank international journals.

Algebraic Structures of Neutrosophic Triplets, Neutrosophic Duplets, or Neutrosophic Multisets, Volume I

Xiaoying Wu

In this paper, some new properties of Abel Grassmann‘s Neutrosophic Extended Triplet Loop (AG-NET-Loop) were further studied. The following important results were proved: (1) an AG-NET-Loop is weakly commutative if, and only if, it is a commutative neutrosophic extended triplet (NETG); (2) every AG-NET-Loop is the disjoint union of its maximal subgroups. At the same time, the new notion of Abel Grassmann’s (l, l)-Loop (AG-(l, l)-Loop), which is the Abel-Grassmann’s groupoid with the local left identity and local left inverse, were introduced. The strong AG-(l, l)-Loops were systematically analyzed, and the following decomposition theorem was proved: every strong AG-(l, l)-Loop is the disjoint union of its maximal sub-AG-groups.

The Decomposition Theorems of AG-Neutrosophic Extended Triplet Loops and Strong AG-(l, l)-Loops

Jingqian Wang 

Recently, various types of single valued neutrosophic (SVN) rough set models were presented based on the same inclusion relation. However, there is another SVN inclusion relation in SVN sets. In this paper, we propose a new type of SVN covering rough set model based on the new inclusion relation.

A New Type of Single Valued Neutrosophic Covering Rough Set Model

Mingming Chen

The associative law reflects symmetry of operation, and other various variation associative laws reflect some generalized symmetries. In this paper, based on numerous literature and related topics such as function equation, non-associative groupoid and non-associative ring, we have introduced a new concept of Tarski associative groupoid (or transposition associative groupoid (TAgroupoid)), presented extensive examples, obtained basic properties and structural characteristics, and discussed the relationships among few non-associative groupoids. Moreover, we proposed a new concept of Tarski associative neutrosophic extended triplet groupoid (TA-NET-groupoid) and analyzed related properties. Finally, the following important result is proved: every TA-NETgroupoid is a disjoint union of some groups which are its subgroups.

A Kind of Variation Symmetry: Tarski Associative Groupoids (TA-Groupoids) and Tarski Associative Neutrosophic Extended Triplet Groupoids (TA-NETGroupoids)

Algebraic Structures of Neutrosophic Triplets, Neutrosophic Duplets, or Neutrosophic Multisets, Volume II

Volume 2

Minghao Hu 

We introduce the notions of neutrosophic extended triplet LA-semihypergroup, neutrosophic extended triplet LA-hypergroup, which can reflect some symmetry of hyperoperation and discuss the relationships among them and regular LA-semihypergroups, LA-hypergroups, regular LA-hypergroups. In particular, we introduce the notion of strong pure neutrosophic extended triplet LA-semihypergroup, get some special properties of it and prove the construction theorem about it under the condition of asymmetry. The examples in this paper are all from Python programs.

Xiaohong Zhang

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