Contents: 1. Introduction Part I: Entrepreneurship and the Underground Economy: The Missing Link 2. Studies of Entrepreneurship: The Omission of the Underground Economy 3. Studies of the Underground Economy: The Omission of Entrepreneurship Part II: The Extent and Nature of Underground Enterprise 4. Estimating the Size and Growth of Underground Enterprise 5. Portraits of Underground Enterprise 6. Explaining the Hidden Enterprise Culture Part III: What Should Be Done About the Hidden Enterprise Culture? Policy Options and their Implications 7. The Deterrence Option 8. The Laissez-Faire Option 9. The Enabling Option Part IV: Harnessing the Hidden Enterprise Culture 10. Helping Enterprises Start Up in a Legitimate Manner 11. Moving Underground Enterprise into the Mainstream: Supply-side Initiatives 12. Moving Underground Enterprise into the Mainstream: Demand-side Initiatives 13. Raising Awareness: Towards High Commitment Societies 14. Co-ordinating Government Thought and Action 15. Conclusions Bibliography Index