Play the Open Games as Black What to Do when White Avoids the Ruy Lopez

This book fills a gaping chasm in chess literature. For years, those who wish to take on the black side of the Ruy Lopez have had to muddle their way through against the variety of alternative openings at White's disposal, because there have been no good books to assist them. This is a detailed guide, written from Black's viewpoint, to facing such openings as the King's Gambit, Vienna, Scotch, Four Knights, Italian Game, Bishop's opening, and the variety of oddball gambits White can try.