Recommendations: To the government of Uganda -- To the government of the United States: To the U.S. Congress -- To the Presidential Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) country team in Uganda -- To all other donors to Ugandan AIDS programs, including the Global Fund and U.N. agencies. -- Methods. -- Background: Young people and HIV/AIDS in Uganda -- The human right to HIV/AIDS information -- Uganda and the U.S. Global AIDS initiative. -- Findings on Abstinence education in Uganda: Uganda's official "AB" policy -- Presidential Initiative on AIDS Strategy for Communication to Youth (PIASCY) -- PIASCY in primary schools -- PIASCY in secondary schools -- Abstinence programs out of school (including after-school programs) -- Faith-based organizations promoting abstinence : Uganda Youth Forum -- Makerere Community Church -- Family Life Network. -- Especially vulnerable persons : sexually active young people -- Orphans and children affected by AIDS -- Refugees, internally displaced persons, and children affected by conflict -- Discrimination based on sexual orientation. -- Restrictions on condoms. -- Arguments for and against Abstinence-Only Programs : distortion of Uganda's HIV prevention efforts -- Studies discrediting abstinence-only approaches in the U.S. -- Government response. -- Conclusion. -- Acknowledgments.