Lei Zhang

Danila Cianciosi 

Jiaojiao Zhang

Md Obaidul Islam

The industrial revolution brought about significant changes in society, the environment, and lifestyle, including a modern diet high in processed foods refined grains, and low in fruits, vegetables, and fibers. This dietary imbalance can alter the composition of the gut microbiota and immune epigenetics, leading to low-grade endotoxemia and chronic inflammation, which can cause DNA damage, dysfunctional telomeres, epigenomic disruption, mitogenic signals, and oxidative stress. This can ultimately lead to various diseases, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, autoimmune diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders, and can cause disability and mortality. Many studies, including multi-dimensional and omics, have investigated the links between chronic inflammation and disease risk. The health benefits of polyphenols and bioactive peptides from food sources have been recognized for centuries, and these compounds have been proven to have multiple health benefits and counteract chronic inflammation.

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